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¨Ó¡Ñ´  jamM gatL
contents of this page
1.to limit; confine; restrict
2.limited; confined
3.Ltd.; limited-liability corporation

pronunciation guide
Phonemic Thai¨Ó-¡Ñ´
IPAtɕamkàt
Royal Thai General Systemchamkat

1.   [verb]
definition
to limit; confine; restrict

examples¢éͨӡѴkhaawF jamM gatLlimitation; restriction
à¤Ã×èͧËÁÒ¨ӡѴ¤ÇÒÁàÃçÇ
khreuuangF maayR jamM gatL khwaamM reoM
speed limit sign
¨Ó¡Ñ´¤ÇÒÁàÃçÇjamM gatL khwaamM reoMspeed limit
¨Ó¡Ñ´ºÃÔàdzjamM gatL bawL riH waehnMto ground (someone)
µÑëÇäÁè¨Ó¡Ñ´àÇÅÒdtuaaR maiF jamM gatL waehM laaMopen ticket
äÁè¨Ó¡Ñ´ÃÐÂзҧmaiF jamM gatL raH yaH thaangMunlimited mileage
àÅ×Í¡ËÃ×ͨӡѴÍÒËÒÃà¾×èÍÊØ¢ÀÒ¾ËÃ×Íà¾×èÍÅ´¹éÓ˹ѡ
leuuakF reuuR jamM gatL aaM haanR pheuuaF sookL khaL phaapF reuuR pheuuaF lohtH namH nakL
to diet
sample
sentences
¡Ôê¡äÁèä´é¨Ó¡Ñ´¨Ó¹Ç¹ à»ç¹ÍÔ¹¿Ô¹ÔµÕé äÁè¨Ó¡Ñ´à¾È ÇÑ áÅРʶҹÀÒ¾ ¶éÒäÁè¡ÅÑǵÒ à¾ÃÒÐàÍ´Êì
gikH maiF daiF jamM gatL jamM nuaanM bpenM inM fiH niH dteeF maiF jamM gatL phaehtF waiM laeH saL thaaR naH phaapF thaaF maiF gluaaM dtaayM phrawH aeht[s]L
You are not limited to the number of ¡Ôê¡  you may have; you may have an infinite number. They are not limited by sex, age, or [social] status—if you are not concerned about dying from AIDS.
¹ÔÂÁÇÔàÈÉ³ì ¤×Í ¤ÓÇÔàÈɳì·Õè»ÃСͺºÍ¡¤ÇÒÁªÕé੾ÒÐ ËÃ×ͨӡѴŧä»ÇèÒà»ç¹àªè¹¹Ñé¹àªè¹¹Õé ËÃ×ÍÊÔè§¹Ñé¹ ÊÔè§¹Õé àªè¹ ¹Õè ¹Ñè¹ â¹è¹ ¹Õé ¹Ñé¹ â¹é¹ ·Ñé§¹Õé ·Ñé§¹Ñé¹ ÍÂèÒ§¹Õé ÍÂèÒ§¹Ñé¹ ´Ñ§¹Õé ´Ñ§¹Ñé¹ á·é ¨ÃÔ§ ੾ÒÐ àͧ ´Í¡ á¹è¹Í¹ ·Õà´ÕÂÇ à·ÕÂÇ à¨ÕÂÇ ÏÅÏ
niH yaH maH wiH saeht[n]L kheuuM khamM wiH saeht[n]L theeF bpraL gaawpL baawkL khwaamM cheeH chaL phawH reuuR jamM gatL lohngM bpaiM waaF bpenM chehnF nanH chehnF neeH reuuR singL nanH singL neeH chehnF neeF nanF nohnF neeH nanH nohnH thangH neeH thangH nanH yaangL neeH yaangL nanH dangM neeH dangM nanH thaaeH jingM chaL phawH aehngM daawkL naaeF naawnM theeM diaaoM thiaaoM jiaaoM
“Demonstrative modifiers” are modifiers which serve to specify or limit the related word to a specific meaning or a specific item; such words include, “this,” “that,” “that one over there,” “all of these,” “all of those,” “like this,” “like that,” “as follows,” “like this (or that),” “truly,” “specifically,” “only this,” “at all,” “certainly,” “absolutely,” “certainly,” “surely, positively,” etc.
ÁÕ¢éͨӡѴ·Õèà¢ÒäÁèÊÒÁÒö»¯ÔºÑµÔµÒÁ¢éÍàÃÕ¡Ãéͧä´é «Öè§¶éÒÃѺ¿Ñ§ÍÂèÒ§¢Íä»·Õ ¡ç¹èÒà»ç¹Ëèǧ
meeM khaawF jamM gatL theeF khaoR maiF saaR maatF bpaL dtiL batL dtaamM khaawF riiakF raawngH daiF seungF thaaF rapH fangM yaangL khaawR bpaiM theeM gaawF naaF bpenM huaangL
"Due to existing limitations, they are not able to accede to the demands; however, if they do pay heed these demands merely in a perfunctory manner, there is real cause for concern."
àÃÒµéͧËÒ·Ò§à¾ÔèÁ¼Å¼ÅÔµµèÍäÃèãËéÁÒ¡¢Öé¹ à¾×èÍãËéä´é¼Å¼ÅÔµà¾ÔèÁÁÒ¡¢Öé¹ã¹¢³Ð·Õè¾×é¹·Õèà¾ÒлÅÙ¡ÁÕÍÂÙè¨Ó¡Ñ´
raoM dtaawngF haaR thaangM pheermF dtaawL raiF haiF maakF kheunF pheuuaF haiF daiF pheermF maakF kheunF naiM khaL naL theeF pheuunH theeF phawH bpluukL meeM yuuL jamM gatL
"We must find a way to increase per acre production in order to have overall production increase because farm land itself is limited."
͹ÔÂÁÇÔàÈÉ³ì ¤×Í ¤ÓÇÔàÈɳì·Õè»ÃСͺºÍ¡¤ÇÒÁäÁèªÕé੾ÒÐ ËÃ×ͨӡѴŧä»ÇèÒà»ç¹àªè¹¹Ñé¹ àªè¹¹Õé ËÃ×Í ÊÔè§¹Õé ÊÔè§¹Ñé¹ àªè¹ ã´ äà ä˹ ¡Õè ÍÐäà ·ÓäÁ ©Ñ¹ã´ àªè¹äà ÏÅÏ áµè¾Ö§ÊѧࡵÇèÒ ¤Ó¾Ç¡¹Õé¨ÐµéͧäÁèãªéã¹¢éͤÇÒÁ·Õèà»ç¹¤Ó¶ÒÁËÃ×ÍʧÊѨ֧¨Ð¹ÑºÇèÒ à»ç¹Í¹ÔÂÁÇÔàÈÉ³ì ¶éÒãªéã¹¢éͤÇÒÁ·Õèà»ç¹¤Ó¶ÒÁ ËÃ×ÍʧÊѨ֧¨Ð¹ÑºÇèÒ à»ç¹Í¹ÔÂÁÇÔàÈÉ³ì ¶éÒãªéã¹¢éͤÇÒÁ·Õèà»ç¹¤Ó¶ÒÁËÃ×ÍʧÊÑ àÃÕ¡ÇèÒ »Ä¨©ÒÇÔàÈÉ³ì µÑÇÍÂèÒ§
aL niH yaH maH wiH saeht[n]L kheuuM khamM wiH saeht[n]L theeF bpraL gaawpL baawkL khwaamM maiF cheeH chaL phawH reuuR jamM gatL lohngM bpaiM waaF bpenM chehnF nanH chehnF neeH reuuR singL neeH singL nanH chehnF daiM raiM naiR geeL aL raiM thamM maiM chanR daiM chehnF raiM dtaaeL pheungM sangR gaehtL waaF khamM phuaakF neeH jaL dtaawngF maiF chaiH naiM khaawF khwaamM theeF bpenM khamM thaamR reuuR sohngR saiR jeungM jaL napH waaF bpenM aL niH yaH maH wiH saeht[n]L thaaF chaiH naiM khaawF khwaamM theeF bpenM khamM thaamR reuuR sohngR saiR jeungM jaL napH waaF bpenM aL niH yaH maH wiH saeht[n]L thaaF chaiH naiM khaawF khwaamM theeF bpenM khamM thaamR reuuR sohngR saiR riiakF waaF bpritL chaaR wiH saeht[n]L dtuaaM yaangL
“Indefinite modifiers” are modifiers which express non-specificity or provide a delimiter that something is like this or that, or this thing or that thing; for example, the words “whatever,” “whichever,” “wherever,” “how,” “any,” “how many,” “which,” “why,” “why so ever,” and “how so ever.” However, one should observe that these words, in order to be indefinite modifiers, should not be used in interrogatory sentences or in sentences which indicate doubt; if these words are used in sentences which indicate interrogatories or doubts, they are called, “interrogatory modifiers.” [See below.] Examples include,
2.   [adjective]
definition
limited; confined

examples¢Õ´¨Ó¡Ñ´kheetL jamM gatLlimit
äÁè¨Ó¡Ñ´maiF jamM gatLunlimited
3.   [adjective]
definition
Ltd.; limited-liability corporation

examples
ºÃÔÉÑ· »µ·. ÊÓÃǨáÅмÅÔµ»ÔâµÃàÅÕÂÁ ¨Ó¡Ñ´ (ÁËÒª¹)
bawL riH satL bpohtL thaH samR ruaatL laeH bpiL dtrohM liiamM jamM gatL maH haaR chohnM
[official full name of] PTT Exploration and Production Public Company Limited [see note]
ºÃÔÉÑ·... ¨Ó¡Ñ´bawL riH satL jamM gatLCompany Limited; Co.; Ltd.
ºÃÔÉÑ·¨Ó¡Ñ´bawL riH satL jamM gatLlimited company
ËéÒ§ËØé¹Êèǹ¨Ó¡Ñ´haangF hoonF suaanL jamM gatLlimited partnership
sample
sentence
ºÃÔ¡Òø¹Ò³ÑµÔ ËÁÒ¶֧ ºÃÔ¡Ò÷Õè ºÃÔÉÑ· ä»ÃɳÕÂìä·Â ¨Ó¡Ñ´ ÃѺ½Ò¡à§Ô¹¨Ò¡¼Ùé½Ò¡Êè§áÅéÇ´Óà¹Ô¹¡ÒÃÍÍ¡µÃÒÊÒÃÊÑ觨èÒÂà§Ô¹
bawL riH gaanM thaH naaM natH maayR theungR bawL riH gaanM theeF bawL riH satL bpraiM saL nee[y]M thaiM jamM gatL rapH faakL ngernM jaakL phuuF faakL sohngL laaeoH damM neernM gaanM aawkL dtraaM saanR sangL jaayL ngernM
"Money order service means the service which the Thailand Post company, Ltd. receives funds from the sender and then proceeds to issue a document ordering money to be paid."

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