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1.  [noun]
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| definition | item; a small thing
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| examples | |
à»ç¹Íѹ¢Ò´ | bpenM anM khaatL | [of an item] is disallowed; prohibited; forbidden |
à»ç¹ÍѹÁÒ¡  | bpenM anM maakF | greatly; considerably; enormously; hugely; vastly; tremendously |
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Íѹà´ÕÂǡѹ | anM diaaoM ganM | the same one, the same thing |
Íѹ¹Õé  | anM neeH | this one |
Íѹà»ç¹·ÕèÃÑ¡  | anM bpenM theeF rakH | "My beloved" — "Whom I love" |
ÍÑ¹ÊØ´·éÒÂ  | anM sootL thaayH | final one; last one (thing) |
ÍÕ¡Íѹ˹Öè§  | eekL anM neungL | another one |
sample sentences | |
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»Ãоѹ¸ÊÃþ¹ÒÁ áÅлÃоѹ¸ÇÔàÈɳì áÁé¨Ðãªé¤ÓºÒ§¤ÓàËÁ×͹¡Ñ¹ àªè¹ ·Õè «Öè§ Íѹ áµèÁÕ¢éÍᵡµèÒ§¡Ñ¹ ´Ñ§¹Õé bpraL phanM thaH sapL phaH naamM laeH bpraL phanM thaH wiH saeht[n]L maaeH jaL chaiH khahmM baangM khahmM meuuanR ganM chehnF theeF seungF anM dtaaeL meeM khaawF dtaaekL dtaangL ganM dangM neeHEven though relative pronouns and relative modifiers use the same words, for example, “that,” “which,” “the one that,” there are differences, as in the following: |
»Ä¨©ÒÇÔàÈÉ³ì ¤×Í ¤ÓÇÔàÈɳì·Õè»ÃСͺà¹×éͤÇÒÁ·Õèà»ç¹¤Ó¶ÒÁ ËÃ×ͤÇÒÁʧÊÑ àªè¹ ã´ ä˹ äà ¡Õè ÍÐäà ·ÓäÁ ©Ñ¹ã´ àªè¹äà äËÁ Íѹ㴠ÍÂèÒ§äà à·èÒäà ä ËÃ×ÍË¹Í ÏÅÏ bpritL chaaR wiH saeht[n]L kheuuM khahmM wiH saeht[n]L theeF bpraL gaawpL neuuaH khwaamM theeF bpenM khahmM thaamR reuuR khwaamM sohngR saiR chehnF daiM naiR raiM geeL aL raiM thahmM maiM chanR daiM chehnF raiM maiR anM daiM yaangL raiM thaoF raiM yaiM reuuR naawR “Interrogative modifier” is a modifier which is part of a question sentence structure or a structure indicating doubt, for example, “whichever,” “which,” “what,” “how many,” “what,” “why,” “why,” “how,” “(interrogatory),” “whichever,” “which way,” “how many,” “why,” “or what,” etc. Examples are: |
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ÁÕ¢éͤÇÒÁà¡ÕèÂÇ¢éͧ¡Ñ¹ àªè¹ ·Õè «Öè§ Íѹ ÍÂèÒ§·Õè ª¹Ô´·Õè ãËé ÇèÒ ·ÕèÇèÒ ¤×Í à¾×èÍ ãËé à¾×èÍÇèÒ ÏÅÏ µÑÇÍÂèÒ§ meeM khaawF khwaamM giaaoL khaawngF ganM chehnF theeF seungF anM yaangL theeF chaH nitH theeF haiF waaF theeF waaF kheuuM pheuuaF haiF pheuuaF waaF dtuaaM yaangLExamples include, “that, which, or whom,” “which,” “which, that, or whom,” “in an instance where,” “in order that,” “that,” “as indicated,” “that is,” and “so that,” “in order to,” “in case of,” and others. Sample sentences: |
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2.  [pronoun]
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| definition | one
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| example | Íѹä˹  | anM naiR | which one? |
sample sentences | |
ÍÂÒ¡ä´éÍѹ·Õè¶Ù¡¡ÇèÒ¹Õé¹èФèÐ yaakL daiF anM theeF thuukL gwaaL neeH naF khaF[spoken by a female] "I want a cheaper one than this." |
Íѹ¹Ñ鹡çä´é anM nanH gawF daiF"That one is allright also." |
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3.  [proper noun, formal]
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| definition | [the formal relative pronouns] that; which
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| related words | «Öè§  | seungF | [the relative pronouns] who; whose; whom; of which |
«Öè§  | seungF | [the relative pronouns] that; which |
·Õè  | theeF | [the relative pronouns] that; which; which is... |
| examples | |
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·ÃѾÂìÊÁºÑµÔÍѹÁÕ¤èÒ | sap[y]H sohmR batL anM meeM khaaF | treasure |
ã¹Íѹ·Õè¨Ð | naiM anM theeF jaL | so as to; in order to; in order that |
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àÊÕ§ÃéͧÍѹä¾àÃÒÐ | siiangR raawngH anM phaiM rawH | sweet vocal |
Í´ÕµÍѹµÃÒµÃÖ§ | aL deetL anM dtraaM dtreungM | the lingering past firmly imprinted in the mind |
Íѹ»ÃСͺ´éÇÂ | anM bpraL gaawpL duayF | comprising; consisting of; containing; including; involving |
ÍѹÁÕ¨ÔµÊÓ¹Ö¡ | anM meeM jitL sahmR neukH | sentient |
sample sentences | ¡ÅØèÁµèÒ§ æ µéͧÊÐÊÁ¡ÓÅѧ㹾ÃäàÍÒäÇéãËéÁÒ¡·ÕèÊØ´ à¾×èÍ¡ØÁ¡ÒêÕé¹Ó Íѹà»ç¹ÊÔ觨Óà»ç¹ÍÂèÒ§ÂÔè§ÂÇ´·Ò§¡ÒÃàÁ×ͧ gloomL dtaangL dtaangL dtaawngF saL sohmR gahmM langM naiM phakH aoM waiH haiF maakF theeF sootL pheuuaF goomM gaanM cheeH nahmM anM bpenM singL jahmM bpenM yaangL yingF yuaatF thaangM gaanM meuuangM"The various factions need to gather as many of their forces within the political party (as they can) in order to control the leadership (of the party). This is an immensely necessary step in politics." |
à¹×éÍËÒ¤ÇÒÁÍÃèÍÂÍÂÙè·ÕèÃʸÃÃÁªÒµÔÍѹËÅÒ¡ËÅÒ¢ͧÇÑÊ´Ø·Õè¹ÓÁÒ»ÃØ§ÍÒËÒÃ neuuaH haaR khwaamM aL raawyL yuuL theeF rohtH thamM maH chaatF anM laakL laayR khaawngR watH saL dooL theeF nahmM maaM bproongM aaM haanRThe essence of the delicious flavors lies in many kinds of natural flavors of the various ingredients which are used in preparing (Chinese) food. |
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4.  [classifier]
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| definition | [numerical classifier for small things]
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enumerated nouns | à¢Õ§  | khiiangR | chopping block; cutting board |
µÐà¡Õº  | dtaL giiapL | chopsticks |
áªç¡  | chaekH | cigarette lighter |
ËÇÕ  | weeR | comb (for the hair); curry comb; brush |
¾Ñ´  | phatH | a hand fan |
¤ÕÁ  | kheemM | pliers; tongs |
ÊéÍÁ  | saawmF | fork |
| ÃÔººÔé¹ | ripH binF | [Thai transcription of the foreign loanword, "ribbon"] |
äÁâ¤Ã⿹  | maiM khrohM fohnM | [Thai transcription of the foreign loanword, "microphone"] |
| äÁ¤ì | mai[k]M | [Thai transcription of the foreign loanword, "mike"] microphone |
| ÃÕâÁ· | reeM mohtF | [Thai transcription of the foreign loanword, "remote"] a remote control |
ºÃ÷Ѵ  | banM thatH | a ruler (for measuring or drawing straight lines) |
| â¡È | gohtL | funerary urn; an ornate, vertical and cylinder-shaped coffin with a pinnacle-like lid (typically) for royal use |
| ·Í¿¿Õè | thaawfF feeF | [Thai transcription of the foreign loanword, "toffee"] |
ä¿áªç¡  | faiM chaekH | cigarette lighter |
·Õèà»Ô´¡Ãлëͧ   | theeF bpeertL graL bpaawngR | can opener |
ÊÒÁàËÅÕèÂÁ   | saamR liiamL | triangular; three-sided |
Âҧź   | yaangM lohpH | eraser |
ÅǴ˹պ¡ÃдÒÉ  | luaatF neepL graL daatL | paper clip |
áÇè¹µÒ  | waaenF dtaaM | eyeglasses |
䢤ǧ   | khaiR khuaangM | screwdriver |
ÅÙ¡ºÔ´»ÃеÙ  | luukF bitL bpraL dtuuM | doorknob |
äÊé¡ÃÍ¡  | saiF graawkL | sausage; hot dog; hotdog |
áÇ蹡ѹᴴ   | waaenF ganM daaetL | sunglasses |
¿Í§¹éÓ  | faawngM naahmH | sponge |
äÁé¶ÙºéÒ¹  | maaiH thuuR baanF | mop |
äÁé¢Õ´ä¿   | maaiH kheetL faiM | match; matches (for lighting a fire) |
ÅÙ¡ºÔ´  | luukF bitL | a knob which can be operated by turning |
ËÑÇ¡ÅÁ | huaaR glohmM | knob; protrusion |
µÃÒ»ÃзѺ | dtraaM bpraL thapH | stamp (thing to make ink impressions) |
¡ÅéͧÊèͧ·Ò§ä¡Å | glaawngF saawngL thaangM glaiM | telescope (small) |
äÁé¨ÔéÁ¿Ñ¹ | maaiH jimF fanM | toothpick |
| example | |
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