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1.  [preposition]
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| definition | against; towards; to
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| related word | á¡è  | gaaeL | [indicating the object of an action] for; to |
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¡Ò÷ÃÂȵèͪҵÔ | gaanM thaawM raH yohtH dtaawL chaatF | treason; lèese majestè |
¤´ÕËÁÔè¹»ÃÐÁÒ·ÁÕʶԵÔà¾ÔèÁÊÙ§¢Öé¹ÁÒ¡¼Ô´»¡µÔ à¾ÃÒÐÁÕ¤¹ªÍº¤éÒ¤ÇÒÁ ¨¹à»ç¹ÀÒÃеèͺؤ¤ÅÒ¡Ã㹡Ãкǹ¡ÒÃÂØµÔ¸ÃÃÁ khaH deeM minL bpraL maatL meeM saL thiL dtiL pheermF suungR kheunF maakF phitL bpaL gaL dtiL phrawH meeM khohnM chaawpF khaaH khwaamM johnM bpenM phaaM raH dtaawL bookL khaH laaM gaawnM naiM graL buaanM gaanM yooH dtiL thamMStatistics indicate that libel and slander lawsuits are becoming unusually more common because there are people who want to profit from lawsuits; (these suits) are now becoming a burden for personnel within the justice system. |
¤¹·ÕèäÁèËÇѧ´ÕµèÍ | khohnM theeF maiF wangR deeM dtaawL | persons who do not wish (someone) well |
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¤ÇÒÁÅÐÍÒÂáÅÐà¡Ã§¡ÅÑǵèͺһ khwaamM laH aayM laeH graehngM gluaaM dtaawL baapLconscience; moral sense; scruples; sense of right and wrong |
´Óà¹Ô¹µèÍä» | dahmM neernM dtaawL bpaiM | to proceed; to carry on with |
´ÙÍÂèÒ§ªÒÇÂØâû·ÕèÁÕ¼Ôǵ¡¡ÃÐ àÊÕè§µèÍ¡ÒÃà»ç¹ÁÐàÃç§¼ÔÇ˹ѧÊÙ§¡ÇèÒ¤¹»¡µÔ duuM yaangL chaaoM yooH rohpF theeF meeM phiuR dtohkL graL siiangL dtaawL gaanM bpenM maH rengM phiuR nangR suungR gwaaL khohnM bpaL gaL dtiLLook, for example, at Europeans who have freckles; their chance of getting skin cancer [melanoma] is higher than for an ordinary person. |
µèͻҡµèͤÓ | dtaawL bpaakL dtaawL khahmM | to argue with; to squabble with |
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µèÍÇèÒ | dtaawL waaF | to complain; to speak against; to protest |
µèÍ˹éÒ | dtaawL naaF | face-to-face |
µèÍ˹éÒµè͵Ò | dtaawL naaF dtaawL dtaaM | right before your eyes; in the visible presence of; to one's face; [fig.] in public |
µèÍãËé | dtaawL haiF | even (though); even (if) |
µèÍãËé | dtaawL haiF | to give a head start to; to concede an advantage to; to allow a handicap for |
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àº×èÍ˹èÒµèͪÕÇÔµ | beuuaL naayL dtaawL cheeM witH | blasé [French] |
Ẻ¹Ò·Õµè͹ҷÕ | baaepL naaM theeM dtaawL naaM theeM | on a minute by minute basis |
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¾×ªµÑ´µè;ѹ¸Ø¡ÃÃÁ | pheuutF dtatL dtaawL phanM thooH gamM | genetically modified organisms (GMO or ¨ÕàÍçÁâÍ ) |
¾Ù´¡Ñ¹»Ò¡µèͻҡ | phuutF ganM bpaakL dtaawL bpaakL | to speak oral history; to pass down of old stories by repetition |
ÁÕ¤ÇÒÁàÊÕè§ÍÂèÒ§ÁÒ¡µèÍ meeM khwaamM siiangL yaangL maakF dtaawLto be at a high risk of; to stand/have a high risk of |
ÁռŵèÍ | meeM phohnR dtaawL | to affect |
ÁÕ¼Å㹷ҧźµèÍ  | meeM phohnR naiM thaangM lohpH dtaawL | to have a negative impact on |
ÁÕËÃ×ÍÊ觼šÃзºµèÍ | meeM reuuR sohngL phohnR graL thohpH dtaawL | affect |
ÁÕÍÔ·¸Ô¾ÅµèÍ | meeM itL thiH phohnM dtaawL | to have influence with |
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Ê觼ŵèÍ | sohngL phohnR dtaawL | affect |
ÊͧµèÍÊͧ | saawngR dtaawL saawngR | one-on-one; privately; secretly; [is] alone with someone |
àʹ͵èÍÊÒ¸Òóª¹ | saL nuuhrR dtaawL saaR thaaM rohnM chohnM | to publish |
ËÑÇàÅÕéÂÇËÑǵèÍ | huaaR liaaoH huaaR dtaawL | turning point; critical point; transition |
sample sentences | ¡ÒêٹâºÒ¾ԷѡÉìÊÔ·¸ÔÁÒ¹ØÉª¹¢Í§ÃѰºÒÅÊËÃѰ ÁÕ¼Åâ´ÂµÃ§µèÍÃѰºÒÅ·ËÒÃã¹ËÅÒ»ÃÐà·È gaanM chuuM naH yohM baayM phiH thak[s]H sitL thiH maaM nootH chohnM khaawngR ratH thaL baanM saL haL ratH meeM phohnR dooyM dtrohngM dtaawL ratH thaL baanM thaH haanR naiM laayR bpraL thaehtF"The elevation of American policy of protecting human rights had a direct effect on military governments in many countries." |
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à¢Ò¶ÒÁµèÍÇèÒ "»ÅÍ´ÀÑÂËÃ×ÍäÁè" à¢ÒµÍºÍÂèÒ§äÁèÅѧàÅàÅÂÇèÒ "»ÅÍ´ÀÑÂ" khaoR thaamR dtaawL waaF bplaawtL phaiM reuuR maiF khaoR dtaawpL yaangL maiF langM laehM leeuyM waaF bplaawtL phaiM"He further asked, 'Is it safe or not?' To which he answered, without hesitation, 'It is safe.'" |
à¢ÒàÍÒªéÒ§ºéҹ仵èͪéÒ§»èÒ khaoR aoM chaangH baanF bpaiM dtaawL chaangH bpaaLHe employs domesticated elephants to lure wild elephants. |
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«Öè§ËÁÒ¶֧¤ÇÒÁ¨Ãԧ㨫×èÍÊѵÂìµè͡ѹ äÁè¹Í¡ã¨¡Ñ¹ seungF maayR theungR khwaamM jingM jaiM seuuF sat[y]L dtaawL ganM maiF naawkF jaiM ganMThis means that each must be truthful and honest with the other and not be unfaithful, |
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µÅÒ´äÁèÁÕ¹éÓÁѹÁÕà¾Õ§¾ÍµèͤÇÒÁµéͧ¡Òà dtaL laatL maiF meeM nahmH manM meeM phiiangM phaawM dtaawL khwaamM dtaawngF gaanM"The market does not have sufficient oil to meet the demand." |
...áµè·ÕèÊӤѤ×Í¡ÒÃÁÕÁ¹ØÉ¸ÃÃÁµèÍà¾×è͹ÃèÇÁâÅ¡àÁ×èÍàËç¹ÀѾԺѵԤÃèÒªÕÇÔµ¼Ù餹·ÕèÍÒ¨àÃÕ¡ä´éÇèÒµÒÂà»ç¹àº×Í áÅзÃѾÂìÊÔ¹àÊÕÂËÒÂÂèÍÂÂѺ dtaaeL theeF sahmR khanM kheuuM gaanM meeM maH nootH saL yaH thamM maH dtaawL pheuuanF ruaamF lohkF meuuaF henR phaiM phiH batL khraaF cheeM witH phuuF khohnM theeF aatL riiakF daiF waaF dtaayM bpenM beuuaM laeH sap[y]H sinR siiaR haayR yaawyF yapH...but most importantly the humaneness and compassion (we need to show) to our friends on this earth when we see the tragedy which takes the lives of (our fellow) human beings, which we may call “perishing in great numbers,” as well as the utter destruction of (their) property. |
·ËÒ÷ӧҹ¶ÇÒÂà¾×èÍà»ç¹¡ÒÃà·Ô´¾ÃÐà¡ÕÂõԵÅÍ´ä» ¾ÃÐͧ¤ì·èÒ¹ÁÕ¾ÃÐÁËÒ¡ÃØ³Ò¸Ô¤Ø³µèÍ·ËÒÃÁÒ¡ thaH haanR thahmM ngaanM thaL waayR pheuuaF bpenM gaanM theertF phraH giiatL dtaL laawtL bpaiM phraH ohng[k]M thanF meeM phraH maH haaR grooL naaM thiH khoonM dtaawL thaH haanR maakF"The military does its duty in order to honor His Majesty (The King) who (in turn) casts His royal grace over (the members of) the military." |
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¼Ùéã´à»ç¹·ËÒà ËÒ¡ºÑ§ÍÒ¨áÊ´§¤ÇÒÁÍÒ¦ÒµÁÒ´ÃéÒ ËÃ×ÍËÁÔè¹»ÃÐÁÒ·µèÍ·ËÒ÷Õèà»ç¹¼ÙéãËèà˹×͵¹ ÁÕ¤ÇÒÁ¼Ô´µéͧÃÐËÇèÒ§â·É¨Ó¤Ø¡äÁèà¡Ô¹¡ÇèÒ ó »Õ phuuF daiM bpenM thaH haanR haakL bangM aatL saL daaengM khwaamM aaM khaatF maatF raayH reuuR minL bpraL maatL dtaawL thaH haanR theeF bpenM phuuF yaiL neuuaR dtohnM meeM khwaamM phitL dtaawngF raH waangL thohtF jahmM khookH maiF geernM gwaaL saamR bpeeM"Any soldier who purposefully demonstrates malice (or malicious evil) towards or who libels (slanders or defames) an (officer) superior to himself, has committed a violation and must be punished with incarceration not to exceed three years." |
ÁѧÊÇÔÃѵÔà»ç¹ÍÒËÒ÷ÕèÁÕ»ÃÐ⪹ìµèÍÃèÒ§¡Ò ÁռѡáÅмÅäÁé«Öè§·ÓãËéä´éÃѺ¡Ò¡ãÂÍÒËÒÃÁÒ¡¾Í mangM saL wiH ratH bpenM aaM haanR theeF meeM bpraL yoht[n]L dtaawL raangF gaayM meeM phakL laeH phohnR laH maaiH seungF thahmM haiF daiF rapH gaakL yaiM aaM haanR maakF phaawM"Vegetarian food is food that is beneficial for our bodies. It contains vegetables and fruits which allow us to receive sufficient amounts of dietary fiber." |
ÁÕ¼ÙéÃéͧµèÍÈÒÅ¿éͧÃéͧãËé¡ÒÃàÅ×Í¡µÑé§à»ç¹âÁ¦ÐºéÒ§¿éͧÃéͧàÃ×èͧ¹ÍÁÔ¹ÕÍÓ¹Ò¨à¡èÒºéÒ§ meeM phuuF raawngH dtaawL saanR faawngH raawngH haiF gaanM leuuakF dtangF bpenM mohM khaH baangF faawngH raawngH reuuangF naawM miH neeM ahmM naatF gaoL baangF"There are people who appealed to the courts; some sued to have the election declared invalid while others sued regarding (the winning party acting as) a nominee of the old order." |
àÁ×èͤ¹ÃÙé·Ñ¹¨ÐäÁèÁÕÇѹÍÂÙèã¹ÍÓ¹Ò¨ÍÂèÒ§ÃÒºÃ×è¹ä´éµèÍ Í§¤ì¡ÃÍÔÊÃзÕè¡èÍ¡Óà¹Ô´µÒÁÃѰ¸ÃÃÁ¹Ùµéͧ´ÓçʶҹÐà»ç¹ÍÔÊÃÐáÅзÓ˹éÒ·ÕèÍÂèÒ§µÃ§ä»µÃ§ÁÒà¾×èÍËÒ¢éÍÂØµÔµÒÁ¤ÃÃÅͧáËè§¡®ËÁÒÂ meuuaF khohnM ruuH thanM jaL maiF meeM wanM yuuL naiM ahmM naatF yaangL raapF reuunF daiF dtaawL ohng[k]M gaawnM itL saL raL theeF gaawL gahmM neertF dtaamM ratH thamM maH nuunM dtaawngF dahmM rohngM saL thaaR naH bpenM itL saL raL laeH thahmM naaF theeF yaangL dtrohngM bpaiM dtrohngM maaM pheuuaF haaR khaawF yooH dtiL dtaamM khanM laawngM haengL gohtL maayR"When the people understand the (their) schemes, there will never be a day when the politicians can remain comfortably in power; independent agencies created under the constitution must be able to maintain their independent status and be able to conduct their business in a straightforward manner in accordance with established legal processes." |
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áÁ餹¼ÔÇ¢ÒǨÐÁÕ¤ÇÒÁàÊÕè§µèͽéÒÁÒ¡¡ÇèÒ¤¹Í×è¹ áµè¡çµéͧËÒÇÔ¸Õ»¡»éͧ¼ÔÇ´éÇ maaeH khohnM phiuR khaaoR jaL meeM khwaamM siiangL dtaawL faaF maakF gwaaL khohnM euunL dtaaeL gawF dtaawngF haaR wiH theeM bpohkL bpaawngF phiuR duayFBecause light-skinned people have a risk of blemishes more than others, they need to find a way to way to protect their skins. |
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