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1a.  [auxiliary verb]
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| definition | [auxiliary verb indicating future tense—must be used with another verb] will; shall
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| examples | |
¡è͹Áѹ¨Ð¡Ñ´¤¹ | gaawnL manM jaL gatL khohnM | Before it bites someone, |
à¡Ô¹¨Ðàª×èÍ!  | geernM jaL cheuuaF | cockamamy; disbelieving; distrustful; doubtful; dubious; sceptical; suspicious; unbelieving; unconvinced |
à¡×ͺ¨Ð | geuuapL jaL | almost; nearly; about to |
¤§¨Ð...  | khohngM jaL | probably will...; sure to... |
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¤¹ÊèǹãË褧¨ÐÃÙé¼ÅÃéÒ¢ͧ¡ÒõÃÖ§ÃÒ¤ÒÊÔ¹¤éÒáÅéÇÇèÒ ·ÕèÊØ´¨ÐÂÔè§«éÓàµÔÁÊè§¼ÅÃéÒ¡ѺÀÒÇФèÒ¤ÃͧªÕ¾ khohnM suaanL yaiL khohngM jaL ruuH phohnR raayH khaawngR gaanM dtreungM raaM khaaM sinR khaaH laaeoH waaF theeF sootL jaL yingF sahmH dteermM sohngL phohnR raayH gapL phaaM waH khaaF khraawngM cheepFMost people are already aware of the deleterious effects of fixing the price of goods and believe that in the end (price fixing) will only intensify the negative impact on their cost of living. |
¤è͹¢éÒ§¨Ð  | khaawnF khaangF jaL | somewhat; rather (will) |
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¤Ô´ÇèÒ¨Ð...  | khitH waaF jaL | "I think that I will..." |
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ªÒǺéÒ¹·ÕèäÁèÂÍÁ¢Ò·Õè´Ô¹ãËé¼ÙéÁÕÍÔ·¸Ô¾Å ÃÐÇѧ¨Ðâ´¹ä¢éâ»é§ chaaoM baanF theeF maiF yaawmM khaayR theeF dinM haiF phuuF meeM itL thiH phohnM raH wangM jaL dohnM khaiF bpohngFVillagers who refuse to sell their land to influential persons should be concerned about becoming a shooting victim. |
µÔ´¨Ðà¡èÒ | dtitL jaL gaoL | (to look) somewhat or rather old |
áµèËÒ¡¡´ÃÒ¤ÒÊÔ¹¤éÒäÇé㹤ÃÖè§»Õááà¾Õ§à¾×èÍËÇѧàÃ×èͧ¤Ðá¹¹¹ÔÂÁ áÅÐÁÒÃÐàºÔ´µÙÁàÍÒ㹤ÃÖè§»ÕËÅѧ ¼Å¡Ãзº¡Ñº¨ÔµÇÔ·ÂÒ¡Òë×éͨÐÁÕãËèËÅǧ dtaaeL haakL gohtL raaM khaaM sinR khaaH waiH naiM khreungF bpeeM raaekF phiiangM pheuuaF wangR reuuangF khaH naaenM niH yaH maH laeH maaM raH beertL dtuumM aoM naiM khreungF bpeeM langR phohnR graL thohpH gapL jitL witH thaH yaaM gaanM seuuH jaL meeM yaiL luaangRHowever, if (the government) holds down the prices of goods during the first half of the year only for the purpose of hoping to (cater to a streak of) Populism, followed by an explosion in the second half, the psychological effect on purchasing will be enormous. |
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¶Ö§¨Ð | theungR jaL | only then...; even if... |
¶Ö§¨ÐÍÂèÒ§äÃ | theungR jaL yaangL raiM | however; anyhow; nevertheless; notwithstanding |
¶Ö§µÍ¹¹Õ餹ä·ÂµéͧÂÍÁÃѺÊÀÒ¾·ÕèÃÒ¤Òà»ç¹ä»µÒÁ¡Å䡵ÅÒ´ à¾×èÍ·ÕèÇèÒàÁ×èÍÊÔ¹¤éÒÃÒ¤Òá¾§¤¹¨Ð»ÃÐËÂÑ´¢Öé¹ theungR dtaawnM neeH khohnM thaiM dtaawngF yaawmM rapH saL phaapF theeF raaM khaaM bpenM bpaiM dtaamM gohnM gaiM dtaL laatL pheuuaF theeF waaF meuuaF sinR khaaH raaM khaaM phaaengM khohnM jaL bpraL yatL kheunFToday, the Thais must accept that prices are a function of market mechanisms so that when the prices of goods rise, they must (learn to) increase their savings (habits). |
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à·èÒ·Õè¨Ð·Óä´é | thaoF theeF jaL thahmM daiF | as much as can be |
¹Ñè¹à¾ÃÒÐàÁ×èÍ¡Åä¡ÃÒ¤ÒÊÔ¹¤éÒ ¶Ù¡¡´àÍÒäÇé㹪èǧµé¹»Õ ¡ç¾ÃéÍÁ¨ÐÃÐàºÔ´»ÃѺà¾ÔèÁ㹤ÃÖè§»ÕËÅѧµÒÁÃÒ¤Ò¹éÓÁѹ Çѵ¶Ø´Ôº«Öè§ÁÕáµè¨Ðà¾ÔèÁÍÂèÒ§äÁèÁÕ·Õ·èÒÇèÒ¨ÐËÂØ´¹Ôè§ nanF phrawH meuuaF gohnM gaiM raaM khaaM sinR khaaH thuukL gohtL aoM waiH naiM chuaangF dtohnF bpeeM gawF phraawmH jaL raH beertL bprapL pheermF naiM khreungF bpeeM langR dtaamM raaM khaaM nahmH manM watH thooL dipL seungF meeM dtaaeL jaL pheermF yaangL maiF meeM theeM thaaF waaF jaL yootL ningFThat is because when pricing mechanisms are imposed at the beginning of the year, (prices will) then be set to explode upward in the second half of the year. (These prices) will follow the cost of oil and (other) raw materials which only tend to increase and give no indication of remaining where they are. |
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ã¹Íѹ·Õè¨Ð | naiM anM theeF jaL | so as to; in order to; in order that |
ºÒ§·Õ¨Ð | baangM theeM jaL | probably; perhaps |
¼Ùé·ÕèÁÕà¤éÒÇèÒ¨Ðá¾é  | phuuF theeF meeM khaaoH waaF jaL phaaeH | an underdog |
à¼×èͨÐ | pheuuaL jaL | possibly |
¾Í¨Ð | phaawM jaL | probably could; happen to |
¾èÍáÁè·Ø¡¤¹¹Í¡¨Ò¡»ÃÒö¹Ò¨ÐãËéÅÙ¡ÁÒ´ÙáÅàÍÒã¨ãÊèáÅéÇ phaawF maaeF thookH khohnM naawkF jaakL bpraatL thaL naaM jaL haiF luukF maaM duuM laaeM aoM jaiM saiL laaeoHEvery parent, in addition to wishing that their child will come look after and take care of them, |
Áѹ¨Ð | manM jaL | it will |
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àÁ×èÍÁÕ¤¹»Ãзéǧ ¢ÑºäÅè¡çäÁè¤Çôѹ·ØÃѧ·Õè¨ÐµèÍÊÙé ¢Ñ´¢ÇÒ§ ãªé¡Åä¡ÃѰà¢éÒ»ÃÒº»ÃÒÁ ¨Ñº¡ØÁâ´Â¤Ô´ÇèҨзÓãËéÍÂÙèã¹ÍÓ¹Ò¨µèÍä» meuuaF meeM khohnM bpraL thuaangH khapL laiF gawF maiF khuaanM danM thooH rangM theeF jaL dtaawL suuF khatL khwaangR chaiH gohnM gaiM ratH khaoF bpraapL bpraamM japL goomM dooyM khitH waaF jaL thahmM haiF yuuL naiM ahmM naatF dtaawL bpaiMWhen people protest that (the government should be) driven out (of power), (politicians) should not stubbornly fight or resist; (they should not) use the mechanisms of the state to prevent (protest); or jail (the protesters), with an aim towards remaining in power; |
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áÁé¨Ð | maaeH jaL | even though |
äÁè¤èͨÐ | maiF khaawyF jaL | scarcely |
äÁèà¤Â¨Ð | maiF kheeuyM jaL | (will) never |
äÁèã¤Ãè¨Ð | maiF khraiF jaL | seldom will... |
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äÁèÇèÒ¨Ð | maiF waaF jaL | no matter (how much)...; It doesn't matter (how much)... |
äÁèÍÒ¨·Õè¨Ð | maiF aatL theeF jaL | [auxiliary verb combination] unable to... |
áÅéǨФÍ´Ù  | laaeoH jaL khaawyM duuM | we'll see; let's see |
Çѹ¹Õé·ÓÍÐäà æ¼Ô´ æ¾ÅÒ´ æ ä»ËÁ´ ʧÊÑÂ¨Ð¡ê§ wanM neeH thahmM aL raiM aL raiM phitL phitL phlaatF phlaatF bpaiM mohtL sohngR saiR jaL gohngHToday I am making a lot of mistakes; I think I am in a fog. |
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ËÒ¡ÅÙ¡à»ç¹ä´éµÒÁ»ÃÒö¹Ò ¾èÍáÁè·Ø¡¤¹¨ÐäÁèÍÔ¨©ÒÅÙ¡àÅ haakL luukF bpenM daiF dtaamM bpraatL thaL naaM phaawF maaeF thookH khohnM jaL maiF itL chaaR luukF leeuyMIf their child becomes what (their parents) wish, no parent will ever be jealous of their child. |
ÍÕ¡ÊÔºËéҹҷըкèÒÂâÁ§ eekL sipL haaF naaM theeM jaL baayL mohngMquarter 'till 1 p.m.; that is; 12:45 p.m. |
ÍÕ¡ÊÔºËéÒ¹Ò·Õ¨ÐË¡âÁ§àÂç¹ eekL sipL haaF naaM theeM jaL hohkL mohngM yenMquarter 'till 6 p.m.; that is; 5:45 p.m. |
sample sentences | [¡] ˹Ù, ¨ëÒ [¢] ¨ëÒ [¡] ˹٨Ðä»ä˹? [¢] ˹٨Ð仵ÅÒ´¨éÐ nuuR jaaR jaaR nuuR jaL bpaiM naiR nuuR jaL bpaiM dtaL laatL jaFA: Hey mousey [jaa]. B: Yes. A: Where are you going? B. I am going to the market [jaa]. |
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¡ÒèѴµÑé§ÃѰºÒÅà¾×èÍãËéà¡Ô´¤ÇÒÁÊÁÒ¹©Ñ¹·ì·ÓãËé»ÃеٷÕè»Ô´µÒ¡ç´Ù¨Ðà»Ô´á§éÁ gaanM jatL dtangF ratH thaL baanM pheuuaF haiF geertL khwaamM saL maanM naH chan[t]R thahmM haiF bpraL dtuuM theeF bpitL dtaayM gawF duuM jaL bpeertL ngaaemH"(The possibility of) Creating a unity government would convert a door that was previously locked shut into a door that is partially ajar." |
¡Òÿ×é¹µÑǢͧàÈÃɰ¡Ô¨ªÑ¡¨Ð»éÍá»é gaanM feuunH dtuaaM khaawngR saehtL thaL gitL chakH jaL bpaawF bpaaeF"The recovery of the economy is beginning to weaken." |
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