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1.  [noun, formal, loanword, Pali]
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| definition |
punishment; penalty; penance; guilt; blame; offence; crime; penalty; ill-effect; harm; danger; fault; defect; sinfulness; misdeed
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| examples | ¡ÅèÒÇâ·É  | glaaoL thohtF | denounce; incriminate |
| ¤ÇÒÁ¡ÅèÒÇâ·É | khwaamM glaaoL thohtF | accusation |
¡Òúѧ¤Ñºãªé¡®ËÁÒ·ÕèÁÕ¼Åà»ç¹â·ÉÂé͹ËÅѧgaanM bangM khapH chaiH gohtL maayR theeF meeM phohnR bpenM thohtF yaawnH langRex post facto legislation; retroactive effective dates of legislation |
| ¢éͺÑѵÔâ·É | khaawF banM yatL thohtF | penalty; legal punishment |
| ·Óâ·É | thamM thohtF | punish |
| â·É·Ñ³±ì | thohtF saL than[t]M | penalty; punishment |
| â·ÉàºÒ | thohtF baoM | light penalty; light sentence |
| â·É»ÃÐËÒà | thohtF bpraL haanR | the death penalty |
| ¹Ñ¡â·É | nakH thohtF | prisoner |
| ¹ÔÃâ·É¡ÃÃÁ | niH raH thohtF saL gamM | amnesty; absolution; pardon |
| »Ãзҹâ·É | bpraL thaanM thohtF | [extremely formal] excuse me; I beg your pardon; pardon me |
| ¡â·É | yohkH thohtF | to forgive |
| ¡â·ÉãËé | yohkH thohtF haiF | to forgive someone |
| ÃÐÇÒ§â·É | raH waangM thohtF | punishment; penalty |
| ÃѺâ·É | rapH thohtF | [is] punished, penalized, chastised, sentenced |
| ŧâ·É | lohngM thohtF | to punish; assign a penalty |
| ÅËØâ·É | laH hooL thohtF | punishment for a petty offense; light punishment; light penalty |
| ÅËØâ·É | laH hooL thohtF | [referring to] the minor-offense prison in Bangkok |
| ¤´ÕÅËØâ·É | khaH deeM laH hooL thohtF | a misdemeanor case |
| ÅØá¡èâ·É | looH gaaeL thohtF | to make an apology; to apologize |
| ÊÓàÃç¨â·É | samR retL thohtF | to execute (a condemned person); to put to death |
| àÍ¡â·É | aehkL thohtF | [in Thai grammar tone rules, referring to] a Thai word spelled with äÁéâ· but pronounced as if spelled with äÁéàÍ¡ |
| àÍÒâ·É | aoM thohtF | to receive punishment; to be penalized |
sample
sentences | ¢Íâ·ÉkhaawR thohtF"I apologize" — "I'm sorry" — "Excuse me" — "Pardon me." |
â´Â»¡µÔ ¤´ÕËÁÔè¹»ÃÐÁÒ·¶×Íà»ç¹¤´ÕÅËØâ·É ÁÕâ·ÉäÁèÃعáçdooyM bpaL gaL dtiL khaH deeM minL bpraL maatL theuuR bpenM khaH deeM laH hooL thohtF meeM thohtF maiF roonM raaengM"Normally, a case (alleging) libel or slander is treated as a misdemeanor and does not entail severe penalties." |
·Ó¤Ø³ºÙªÒâ·ÉthamM khoonM buuM chaaM thohtF"Give the clown your finger, and he will take your hand." |
¼Ùéã´à»ç¹·ËÒà ËÒ¡ºÑ§ÍÒ¨áÊ´§¤ÇÒÁÍÒ¦ÒµÁÒ´ÃéÒ ËÃ×ÍËÁÔè¹»ÃÐÁÒ·µèÍ·ËÒ÷Õèà»ç¹¼ÙéãËèà˹×͵¹ ÁÕ¤ÇÒÁ¼Ô´µéͧÃÐËÇèÒ§â·É¨Ó¤Ø¡äÁèà¡Ô¹¡ÇèÒ ó »ÕphuuF daiM bpenM thaH haanR haakL bangM aatL saL daaengM khwaamM aaM khaatF maatF raayH reuuR minL bpraL maatL dtaawL thaH haanR theeF bpenM phuuF yaiL neuuaR dtohnM meeM khwaamM phitL dtaawngF raH waangL thohtF jamM khookH maiF geernM gwaaL saamR bpeeM"Any soldier who purposefully demonstrates malice (or malicious evil) towards or who libels (slanders or defames) an (officer) superior to himself, has committed a violation and must be punished with incarceration not to exceed three years." |
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2. [verb, transitive, intransitive, formal, loanword, Pali]
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| definition |
to blame; to criminate; to accuse; to charge; to impeach
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| examples | ¤Ó¡ÅèÒÇâ·É | khamM glaaoL thohtF | accusation |
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sample
sentence | ÃÓäÁè´Õâ·É»Õèâ·É¡ÅͧramM maiF deeM thohtF bpeeL thohtF glaawngM"A bad shearer never had a good sickle." — "A bad workman blames his tools." |
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