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¶×Í  theuuR
contents of this page
1.¶×ÍtheuuRto hold (in hand); to carry; to hold together
2.¶×ÍtheuuRto extol; profess; to hold a belief that...
3.¶×ÍtheuuRto resent or feel offended by; to hold a grudge
4.¶×ÍtheuuRto lease; to occupy; to rent; to hold possession
5.¶×ÍtheuuRto count on; rely upon; depend upon
6.¶×ÍtheuuRto disallow; to ban; to forbid or prohibit
7.¶×Íã¨theuuR jaiM[is] convinced; certain

pronunciation guide
Phonemic Thai¶×Í
IPAtʰɯ̌ː
Royal Thai General Systemthue

1.   [verb]
definition
to hold (in hand); to carry; to hold together

examples¡ÃÐà»ëÒ¶×ÍgraL bpaoR theuuRhandbag; purse; hand luggage
¤Ó¤Ø³ÈѾ·ì·ÕèÁÒ¨Ò¡¤Ó¹ÒÁ «Öè§ÁջѭËÒÇèҨзѺÈѾ·ìã¹ÃÙ»¤Ó¹ÒÁËÃ×ͤӤسÈѾ·ì¹Ñé¹ ãËé¶×ÍËÅѡࡳ±ì´Ñ§¹Õé
khahmM khoonM sap[t]L theeF maaM jaakL khahmM naamM seungF meeM bpanM haaR waaF jaL thapH sap[t]L naiM ruupF khahmM naamM reuuR khahmM khoonM sap[t]L nanH haiF theuuR lakL gaehn[t]M dangM neeH
For adjectives derived from nouns which present difficulty as to whether they should be transcribed as nouns or adjectives, one should use the following rules:
¤Ó·ÑºÈѾ·ì·Õèãªé¡Ñ¹ÁÒ¹Ò¹¨¹¶×Íà»ç¹ÀÒÉÒä·Â áÅлÃÒ¡¯ã¹¾¨¹Ò¹Ø¡ÃÁ©ºÑºÃÒªºÑ³±ÔµÂʶҹáÅéÇ ãËéãªé µèÍ仵ÒÁà´ÔÁ àªè¹ ªçÍ¡â¡àŵ ªçÍ¡â¡áŵ àªÔéµ ¡êÒ« á¡êÊ
khahmM thapH sap[t]L theeF chaiH ganM maaM naanM johnM theuuR bpenM phaaM saaR thaiM laeH bpraaM gohtL naiM phohtH jaL naaM nooH grohmM chaL bapL raatF chaH banM thitH dtaL yaH saL thaanR laaeoH haiF chaiH dtaawL bpaiM dtaamM deermM chehnF chawkH gohM laehtF chawkH gohM laaetF cheertH gaasH gaaetH
Some transcribed words have been used (by Thais) for so long that they are considered Thai words and are already included in the Royal Institute Dictionary of the Thai Language. These transcribed forms should continue to be utilized. Such words include the Thai words for “chocolate,” “shirt,” and “gas.”
¤Ó·ÕèµÑÇÊС´¢Í§¾ÂÒ§¤ì˹éÒÍÍ¡àÊÕ§à»ç¹¾ÂÑ­ª¹Ðµé¹¢Í§¾ÂÒ§¤ìµÑǵèÍä»´éÇ ãËé¶×ÍËÅѡࡳ±ì´Ñ§¹Õé
khahmM theeF dtuaaM saL gohtL khaawngR phaH yaang[k]M naaF aawkL siiangR bpenM phaH yanM chaH naH dtohnF khaawngR phaH yaang[k]M dtuaaM dtaawL bpaiM duayF haiF theuuR lakL gaehn[t]M dangM neeH
In a word in which the final consonant of a syllable also serves to sound out of the subsequent syllable, the following rules apply:
¨ÑºÁ×Ͷ×ÍᢹjapL meuuM theuuR khaaenRto make out; make love; to touch each other; to snuggle
¤ÇÒÁàª×èͶ×ÍkhwaamM cheuuaF theuuRcredit
¶éÒ·Ñ駤ӤسÈѾ·ìáÅФӹÒÁà»ç¹¤Ó·ÑºÈѾ·ì·ÕèÂѧäÁè¶×Íà»ç¹¤Óä·Â ãËé·ÑºÈѾ·ìµÃ§µÒÁÈѾ·ìà´ÔÁ àªè¹
thaaF thangH khahmM khoonM sap[t]L laeH khahmM naamM bpenM khahmM thapH sap[t]L theeF yangM maiF theuuR bpenM khahmM thaiM haiF thapH sap[t]L dtrohngM dtaamM sap[t]L deermM chehnF
If both the adjective and the related noun are transcribed words neither of which are considered Thai words, they should be transcribed in the order of the original English words, for example:
¶éÒ¾ÂÑ­ª¹Ð«é͹ÍÂÙè¡ÅÒ§ÈѾ·ìãËé¶×ÍÇèÒ ¾ÂÑ­ª¹Ð«é͹µÑÇááà»ç¹µÑÇÊС´¢Í§¾ÂÒ§¤ì˹éÒ áÅоÂÑ­ª¹Ð«é͹µÑÇËÅѧà»ç¹¾ÂÑ­ª¹Ðµé¹¢Í§¾ÂÒ§¤ìµèÍä» ©Ð¹Ñé¹ ¡ÒÃãªé¾ÂÑ­ª¹ÐµÑÇÊС´áÅоÂÑ­ª¹Ðµé¹ ¨ÐµèÒ§¡Ñ¹µÒÁËÅѡࡳ±ì¡ÒÃà·Õº¾ÂÑ­ª¹Ðã¹µÒÃÒ§¢éÒ§·éÒ àªè¹
thaaF phaH yanM chaH naH saawnH yuuL glaangM sap[t]L haiF theuuR waaF phaH yanM chaH naH saawnH dtuaaM raaekF bpenM dtuaaM saL gohtL khaawngR phaH yaang[k]M naaF laeH phaH yanM chaH naH saawnH dtuaaM langR bpenM phaH yanM chaH naH dtohnF khaawngR phaH yaang[k]M dtaawL bpaiM chaL nanH gaanM chaiH phaH yanM chaH naH dtuaaM saL gohtL laeH phaH yanM chaH naH dtohnF jaL dtaangL ganM dtaamM lakL gaehn[t]M gaanM thiiapF phaH yanM chaH naH naiM dtaaM raangM khaangF thaayH chehnF
If the double letters occur in the middle of the word, the rules are: the first letter of the double is the last consonant of the prior syllable and the second consonant is the initial of the next syllable. Therefore, the expression of the first and second letters of the double will differ according to the rules set forth in the Consonant Table, for example:
¶×Í⪤¶×ÍÅÒ§theuuR chohkF theuuR laangM[is] superstitious
¶×Í´ÕtheuuR deeMto assume too much; to be presumptuous
¶×;ÅtheuuR phohnM[military] to command troops
¶×;ǧÁÒÅÑÂtheuuR phuaangM maaM laiMto steer a vehicle
¶×ÍÊÔ·¸ÔtheuuR sitL thiHto claim the right to; to take the liberty to
¶×ÍâÍ¡ÒÊtheuuR ohM gaatLtake advantage of an opportunity
¶×ÍâÍ¡ÒÊàÍÒà»ÃÕºtheuuR ohM gaatL aoM bpriiapLto have a chance to deliberate
â·ÃÈѾ·ìÁ×Ͷ×ÍthohM raH sap[t]L meuuM theuuRhand-held phone
¼Ùé¶×ÍËØé¹phuuF theuuR hoonFshareholder
â·ÃÈѾ·ìÁ×Ͷ×ÍthohM raH sap[t]L meuuM theuuRcell phone; cellphone
Á×Ͷ×ÍmeuuM theuuRportable; hand-
Á×Ͷ×ÍÊÒ¡»Ò¡¶×ÍÈÕÅmeuuM theuuR saakL bpaakL theuuR seenR[is] a hypocrite
ÂÖ´¶×ÍyeutH theuuRhold; cling to; seize; stick with
sample
sentences
¡ÃسҶ×ÍÊÒÂÃÍÊÑ¡¤ÃÙè¹Ð¤ÃѺ
gaL rooH naaM theuuR saayR raawM sakL khruuF naH khrapH
"Please hold for a moment."
·ËÒö×ͻ׹ạ»Ù¹ä»âº¡µÖ¡
thaH haanR theuuR bpeuunM baaekL bpuunM bpaiM bohkL dteukL
[tongue twister] "A soldier carrying a gun took a bag of cement to spread on a building."
»Ñ¡¡Ô觵ͺâµéÇͪԧµÑ¹ Á×Ͷ×ÍÊÒ¡»Ò¡¶×ÍÈÕÅã¹àÃ×èͧÊÔ·¸ÔÁ¹ØÉª¹
bpakL gingL dtaawpL dtohF waawM chingM dtanM meuuM theuuR saakL bpaakL theuuR seenR naiM reuuangF sitL thiH maH noot[y]H chohnM
"Beijing castigates Washington as being a hypocrite regarding human rights."
¼Ùéâ´ÂÊÒÃöàÁÅì·Ø¡¤¹ã¨ËÒÂ㨤ÇèÓàÁ×èÍàË繪Ò©¡Ãèì¶×Í»×¹¢Öé¹ÁÒº¹Ã¶
phuuF dooyM saanR rohtH maeh[l]M thookH khohnM jaiM haayR jaiM khwahmF meuuaF henR chaayM chaL gan[ge]M theuuR bpeuunM kheunF maaM bohnM rohtH
"All the bus passengers were stunned with fear when they saw the street toughs carrying guns climbing up on to the bus."
äÁèãªèàÃ×èͧãË­èàÃ×èͧⵠà¾ÃÒФ¹ÍèÒ¹¤¹¿Ñ§ÂèÍÁÁÕÇÔ¨Òó­Ò³ÇèÒÍÐäÃà»ç¹àÃ×èͧ¢Í§¡ÒÃãÊè¤ÇÒÁ ÊÃéÒ§¤ÇÒÁàÊÕÂËÒ ÍÐääÇèÐàª×èͶ×Í
maiF chaiF reuuangF yaiL reuuangF dtohM phrawH khohnM aanL khohnM fangM yaawmF meeM wiH jaaM raH naH yaanM waaF aL raiM bpenM reuuangF khaawngR gaanM saiL khwaamM saangF khwaamM siiaR haayR aL raiM khuaanM jaL cheuuaF theuuR
"It should not be a major issue because those who read and hear (about the accusations) have the good judgment to know what is slanderous and destructive and what is credible."
äÁèÍÂÒ¡ãËé»ÃЪҪ¹àÅ×Í¡Ê.Ê..â´ÂÂÖ´¶×Íã¹¹âºÒ»ÃЪҹÔÂÁ¨ÍÁ»ÅÍÁ·ÕèäÁèÊÒÁÒö·Óä´é¨ÃÔ§
maiF yaakL haiF bpraL chaaM chohnM leuuakF dooyM yeutH theuuR naiM naH yohM baayM bpraL chaaM niH yohmM jaawmM bplaawmM theeF maiF saaR maatF thahmM daiF jingM
"We do not want the people to elect representatives who profess to beleve in a policy of false Populism which cannot be truly implemented."
2.   [verb]
definition
to extol; profess; to hold a belief that...

examples¤ÇÒÁ¹èÒàª×èͶ×ÍkhwaamM naaF cheuuaF theuuRcredit
àª×èͶ×ÍcheuuaF theuuRto carry credit
¹èÒàª×èͶ×ÍnaaF cheuuaF theuuRcredible; believable
¶×ͼÔÇtheuuR phiuR[is] racist; segregationist
¶×ÍÇèÒtheuuR waaFto think that...; to regard as...; to deem that...
¹Ñº¶×ÍnapH theuuRto respect; to esteem; to revere; to reckon
¤ÇÒÁ¹Ñº¶×ÍkhwaamM napH theuuRrespect; esteem
´éǤÇÒÁ¹Ñº¶×ÍduayF khwaamM napH theuuRrespectfully
¼ÙéÂÖ´¶×Í·ÄÉ®Õáͤ·ÔÇÔ«ÖèÁ
phuuF yeutH theuuR thritH saL deeM aaekL thiH wiH seumF
activist
sample
sentences
¢éÍËÒËÁÔè¹¾ÃкÃÁà´ªÒ¹ØÀÒ¾·ÕèËÅÒ½èÒÂâËÁ¡ÃÐ˹èÓãÊèà¢Ò ¶×Íà»ç¹¢éÍ¡ÅèÒÇËÒ·ÕèÃØ¹áçÁÒ¡ ÁÕ¾ÅÒ¹ØÀÒ¾ÊÙ§ÂÔè§ã¹´éÒ¹¤´Õ¤ÇÒÁ
khaawF haaR minL phraH baL rohmM daehM chaaM nooH phaapF theeF laayR faayL hohmR graL nahmL saiL khaoR theuuR bpenM khaawF glaaoL haaR theeF roonM raaengM maakF meeM phaH laaM nooH phaapF suungR yingF naiM daanF khaH deeM khwaamM
"The charge of lese majesty with which many factions have attacked him is considered a very serious accusation which has powerful repercussions under law."
à¢Òà»ç¹¹Ñ¡¡ÒÃàÁ×ͧ¼ÙéªèӪͧ ¤Ãºà¤Ã×èͧ ¶×Íà»ç¹¢Ô§á¡è á·é ÃÙé¨Ñ¡¶Í ¹Ôè§ ÃØ¡ ÍÂèÒ§ÁըѧËÇÐ
khaoR bpenM nakH gaanM meuuangM phuuF chahmF chaawngM khrohpH khreuuangF theuuR bpenM khingR gaaeL thaaeH ruuH jakL thaawyR ningF rookH yaangL meeM jangM waL
"He is a skilled politician fully and fully equipped (to take on all challenges); he is considered to a genuine 'old hand' knowing just when to retreat, when to keep still, and when to go on the offensive."
¤¹·ÕèºÇªáÅÐÊÖ¡ÍÍ¡ÁҨж×ÍÇèÒà»ç¹ ¤¹ãËÁè
khohnM theeF buaatL laeH seukL aawkL maaM jaL theuuR waaF bpenM khohnM maiL
"Persons who are ordained as a monk then leave the monkhood are considered to be 'new men'."
â´Â»¡µÔ ¤´ÕËÁÔè¹»ÃÐÁÒ·¶×Íà»ç¹¤´ÕÅËØâ·É ÁÕâ·ÉäÁèÃØ¹áç
dooyM bpaL gaL dtiL khaH deeM minL bpraL maatL theuuR bpenM khaH deeM laH hooL thohtF meeM thohtF maiF roonM raaengM
"Normally, a case (alleging) libel or slander is treated as a misdemeanor and does not entail severe penalties."
¶éÒã¤ÃáÊ´§¤ÇÒÁàË繹͡ÅÙè¹Í¡·Ò§¶×Íà»ç¹¤ÇÒÁàËç¹ÊèǹµÑÇ
thaaF khraiM saL daaengM khwaamM henR naawkF luuF naawkF thaangM theuuR bpenM khwaamM henR suaanL dtuaaM
"If anyone expresses a different or contrary position, it will be considered as a personal opinion."
¶Ö§áÁéÇèÒ¡ÒÃÊͺÊǹÂѧäÁèàÊÃ稵éͧÁÕ¡ÒûٹºÓàË¹ç¨ ¶×Íà»ç¹¡ÒÃàÊÕªÕÇÔµã¹ÃÐËÇèÒ§»¯ÔºÑµÔ˹éÒ·Õè
theungR maaeH waaF gaanM saawpL suaanR yangM maiF setL dtaawngF meeM gaanM bpuunM bahmM netL theuuR bpenM gaanM siiaR cheeM witH naiM raH waangL bpaL dtiL batL naaF theeF
"Even though the investigation has not been completed, there must be a reward provided because he lost his life during the performance of his duty."
¾ÃÐʧ¦ì ¶×Íà»ç¹Ê¶Ò¹Ð·ÕèÊÙ§Êè§áÅлÅÍ´¨Ò¡àÃ×èͧÃÒÇ·Ò§âÅ¡
phraH sohng[k]R theuuR bpenM saL thaaR naH theeF suungR sohngL laeH bplaawtL jaakL reuuangF raaoM thaangM lohkF
"Being a monk is considered to be a lofty and elevated condition, and is one that is free from worldly concerns."
ÃѰ»ÃÐËÒÃà»ç¹Êèǹ˹Ö觢ͧ¡ÒÃàÁ×ͧä·Âã¹Ãкͺ»ÃЪҸԻäµÂÁÒâ´ÂµÅÍ´ ¨¹¶×Íà»ç¹Êèǹ˹Ö觢ͧǧ¨ÃÍØºÒ·Çì ¢Í§¡ÒÃàÁ×ͧä·Â
ratH bpraL haanR bpenM suaanL neungL khaawngR gaanM meuuangM thaiM naiM raH baawpL bpraL chaaM thipH dtaiM maaM dooyM dtaL laawtL johnM theuuR bpenM suaanL neungL khaawngR wohngM jaawnM ooL baat[w]L khaawngR gaanM meuuangM thaiM
"Coups d’état have always been a part of Thai democratic politics; we (have come to) believe they are part of the vicious circle of the Thai political system."
3.   [adjective, verb, intransitive]
definition
to resent or feel offended by; to hold a grudge

examples¶×ÍÊÒtheuuR saaRto care about; take something to heart; take offence
à»ç¹Á¹ØÉÂìÊØ´»ÃÐàÊÃÔ°àÅÔȤس¤èÒ
¡ÇèÒºÃôҽ٧ÊѵÇìà´ÃѨ©Ò¹
¨§½èҿѹ¾Ñ²¹ÒÇÔªÒ¡ÒÃ
ÍÂèÒÅéÒ§¼ÅÒ­Äåà¢è¹¦èÒºÕ±Òã¤Ã
äÁè¶×Íâ·Éâ¡Ã¸áªè§«Ñ´ÎÖ´ÎÑ´´èÒ
ËÑ´ÍÀÑÂàËÁ×͹¡ÕÌÒÍѪ¬ÒÊÑÂ
»¯ÔºÑµÔ»Ãоĵԡ®¡Ó˹´ã¨
¾Ù´¨ÒãËé¨êÐ æ ¨ëÒ æ ¹èҿѧàÍÂÏ

bpenM maH noot[y]H sootL bpraL seertL leertF khoonM khaaF gwaaL banM daaM fuungR sat[w]L daehM ratH chaanR johngM faaL fanM phatH naaM wiH chaaM gaanM yaaL laangH phlaanR reuuM khehnL khaaF beeM thaaM khraiM maiF theuuR thohtF grohtL chaaengF satH heutH hatH daaL hatL aL phaiM meuuanR geeM laaM atL chaaM saiR bpaL dtiL batL bpraL phreutH gohtL gahmM nohtL jaiM phuutF jaaM haiF jaH jaH jaaR jaaR naaF fangM eeuyM
[a Thai pangram (a sentence using every letter of the alphabet)]
à»ç¹ÊÔè§·Õè¶×ÍbpenM singL theeF theuuR(is an) offensive (thing)
4.   [verb]
definition
to lease; to occupy; to rent; to hold possession

5.   [verb]
definition
to count on; rely upon; depend upon

examples
¡ÒÃÇÒ§µÓá˹觤ӤسÈѾ·ì㹤ӷѺÈѾ·ì ãËé¶×ÍËÅѡࡳ±ì´Ñ§¹Õé
gaanM waangM dtahmM naengL khahmM khoonM sap[t]L naiM khahmM thapH sap[t]L haiF theuuR lakL gaehn[t]M dangM neeH
In determining the adjective order for transcribed words, the following rules apply:
¤Ó¤Ø³ÈѾ·ì·Õè»ÃСͺ¤Ó¹ÒÁ·Õèà»ç¹ÀÒÉÒä·Â ËÃ×Íà»ç¹¤Ó·ÑºÈѾ·ì áµèä´éãªéã¹ÀÒÉÒä·ÂÁÒ¨¹¶×Íà»ç¹¤Óä·ÂáÅéÇ ãËéÇÒ§¤Ó¤Ø³ÈѾ·ìäÇéËÅѧ¤Ó¹ÒÁ àªè¹
khahmM khoonM sap[t]L theeF bpraL gaawpL khahmM naamM theeF bpenM phaaM saaR thaiM reuuR bpenM khahmM thapH sap[t]L dtaaeL daiF chaiH naiM phaaM saaR thaiM maaM johnM theuuR bpenM khahmM thaiM laaeoH haiF waangM khahmM khoonM sap[t]L waiH langR khahmM naamM chehnF
If an adjective is combined with a native Thai noun or a transcribed word which has a long history of usage and this is treated as a native Thai word, the adjective should be placed behind the noun (as in standard Thai grammar conventions).
6.   [verb]
definition
to disallow; to ban; to forbid or prohibit

7. ¶×Í㨠 theuuR jaiM  [attributive verb]
definition
[is] convinced; certain


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