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´éÇ  duayF
contents of this page
1.together; along with; also; too; as well; likewise
2.either
3.also in "not only....", "but also...."
4.with [e.g. to do some action with some object]
5.[joining phrases] because; since; for; owing to; in view of; seeing that; thanks to; as a result of
6.[a particle indicating passive voice] by
7.[a particle used at the end of a request sentence, compliment, or condolance]

pronunciation guide
Phonemic Thai´éÇÂ
IPAdûɛj
Royal Thai General Systemduai

1. common Thai word   [adverb]
definition
together; along with; also; too; as well; likewise

synonym´éÇ«éÓduayF saahmHwell; too; also; additionally; in addition
related wordsàªè¹¡Ñ¹chehnF ganMalso; too; as well; likewise; same
àËÁ×͹¡Ñ¹meuuanR ganMalike; identical; same as; same; too; also
examples¡ç¤×͹ѡ¡ÒÃàÁ×ͧµéͧäÁèÅØá¡èÍÓ¹Ò¨ äÁèÇèҨдéǤÇÒÁËŧ ËÃ×ÍàËÅÔ§â´ÂäÁè¤Ó¹Ö§¶Ö§¼Ô´ ªÍº ªÑèÇ ´ÕgawF kheuuM nakH gaanM meuuangM dtaawngF maiF looH gaaeL ahmM naatF maiF waaF jaL duayF khwaamM lohngR reuuR leerngR dooyM maiF khahmM neungM theungR phitL chaawpF chuaaF deeMPoliticians must not attain power—whether by mistake or by overconfidence—without considering the right or wrong, good or bad, (of their actions).
¢ÍµÔ´Ã¶ä»´éÇÂkhaawR dtitL rohtH bpaiM duayFto ask someone for a lift or ride
¤Ó·ÕèµÑÇÊС´¢Í§¾ÂÒ§¤ì˹éÒÍÍ¡àÊÕ§à»ç¹¾ÂÑ­ª¹Ðµé¹¢Í§¾ÂÒ§¤ìµÑǵèÍä»´éÇ ãËé¶×ÍËÅѡࡳ±ì´Ñ§¹ÕékhahmM theeF dtuaaM saL gohtL khaawngR phaH yaang[k]M naaF aawkL siiangR bpenM phaH yanM chaH naH dtohnF khaawngR phaH yaang[k]M dtuaaM dtaawL bpaiM duayF haiF theuuR lakL gaehn[t]M dangM neeHIn a word in which the final consonant of a syllable also serves to sound out of the subsequent syllable, the following rules apply:
ªÍº´éÇ¡®ËÁÒÂchaawpF duayF gohtL maayRlegal
´éÇ¡ѹduayF ganMtogether with another person
´éǤÇÒÁà¤ÒþáÅйѺ¶×ÍduayF khwaamM khaoM rohpH laeH napH theuuRWith great respect,
´éǤÇÒÁÃÑ¡áÅФԴ¶Ö§¤èÐ ¹¾Ãѵ¹ìduayF khwaamM rakH laeH khitH theungR khaF nohpH phaH rat[n]HWith love, and missing you, Nopparat.
à´Ô¹´éǵչ àËç¹´éÇÂµÒ ¾Ù´´éÇ»ҡ ¿Ñ§´éÇÂËÙdeernM duayF dteenM henR duayF dtaaM phuutF duayF bpaakL fangM duayF huuRto experience something directly; (lit., “to walk with one’s feet; to see with one’s own eyes; to speak directly, and to hear with one’s own ears.”)
»ÃСͺ´éÇÂbpraL gaawpL duayFcomposed of; consist of
ä»´éÇÂbpaiM duayFto go along with; to go with
¾ÃÁ´éÇÂphrohmM duayFto sprinkle with
àË繪ͺ´éÇÂhenR chaawpF duayFapprove of; be in favor of
àËç¹´éÇÂhenR duayF[of another's opinion] to agree with; to be in favor of; to approve; to concur
ÍÕ¡´éÇÂeekL duayFalso
sample
sentences
¡ÒáÃзӢͧ¤Ø³ÂÒ¹Ñ鹡èÍãËéà¡Ô´ÊÓ¹Ö¡¤ÇÒÁà»ç¹à¹×éÍà´ÕÂǡѹ¡Ñº¤¹Í×è¹ á¶Áà»ç¹¤¹Í×蹫Ö觤سÂÒÂäÁèä´éÃÙé¨Ñ¡ÁÑ¡¤Øé¹ÁÒ¡è͹´éÇÂgaanM graL thahmM khaawngR khoonM yaayM nanH gaawL haiF geertL sahmR neukH khwaamM bpenM neuuaH diaaoM ganM gapL khohnM euunL thaaemR bpenM khohnM euunL seungF khoonM yaayM maiF daiF ruuH jakL makH khoonH maaM gaawnL duayF"The work of these two women created a feeling of solidarity with others; in addition, these were people with whom the two women had not been previously acquainted."
¡ÒÃóç¤ìà¾×èÍ¡ÒÃàÅ×Í¡µÑé§»ÃÐʺ¤ÇÒÁÊÓàÃç¨ÍÂèÒ§¹èÒ¾Í㨠¡çà»ç¹à¾ÃÒÐÊ×èÍÁÇŪ¹ËÅÒÂᢹ§ÃèÇÁÁ×ÍÃèÇÁã¨ãËé¤ÇÒÁÊӤѭ¡Ñº»ÃÐà´ç¹ÊÒ¸ÒóÐàÃ×èͧ¹Õé´éÇÂgaanM rohnM naH rohng[k]M pheuuaF gaanM leuuakF dtangF bpraL sohpL khwaamM sahmR retL yaangL naaF phaawM jaiM gawF bpenM phrawH seuuL muaanM chohnM laayR khaL naaengR ruaamF meuuM ruaamF jaiM haiF khwaamM sahmR khanM gapL bpraL denM saaR thaaM raH naH reuuangF neeH duayF"The campaign to have an election was pleasantly successful because many elements of the media joined together to demonstrate the importance of this public issue."
¡ÒÃÇÒ§µÑÇ·ÕèÊØÀÒ¾äÁèà¾Õ§áµè¡ÑººØ¤¤Å·ÕèÊÙ§¡ÇèÒ áµèµéͧÁÕ¤ÇÒÁÊØÀÒ¾¹Íº¹éÍÁ¡Ñº·Ø¡ æ ¤¹·ÕèàÃÒµÔ´µèÍ´éÇÂgaanM waangM dtuaaM theeF sooL phaapF maiF phiiangM dtaaeL gapL bookL khohnM theeF suungR gwaaL dtaaeL dtaawngF meeM khwaamM sooL phaapF naawpF naawmH gapL thookH thookH khohnM theeF raoM dtitL dtaawL duayF"One should mind one’s manners not merely with someone who is senior but one should be polite to and respect everyone with whom one comes in contact."
¡ÒÃÇÔ¨Òóì¤×ͤÇÒÁ¾ÂÒÂÒÁ¨ÐËÒ¤ÇÒÁËÁÒ·Õè»ÃÒ¡¯ã¹§Ò¹ÈÔÅ»ì áÅéÇ»ÃÐàÁÔ¹¤Ø³¤èÒ´éÇ»·Ñʶҹ¹Ò¹Òª¹Ô´gaanM wiH jaan[n]M kheuuM khwaamM phaH yaaM yaamM jaL haaR khwaamM maayR theeF bpraaM gohtL naiM ngaanM sin[p]R laaeoH bpraL meernM khoonM khaaF duayF bpaL thatH thaanR naaM naaM chaH nitH"Art criticism is the attempt to find meaning that is conveyed by a work of art and to evaluate that work using a variety of standards."
à¢Ò¨Ðà´Ô¹·Ò§¡ÅѺ»ÃÐà·Èä·Âà¾×è;ÔÊÙ¨¹ì¤ÇÒÁºÃÔÊØ·¸ÔìáÅеèÍÊÙ餴յÒÁ¡Ãкǹ¡ÒÃÂØµÔ¸ÃÃÁÍѹªÍº´éÇ¡®ËÁÒÂáÅÐà»ç¹ä»µÒÁËÅÑ¡¹ÔµÔ¸ÃÃÁkhaoR jaL deernM thaangM glapL bpraL thaehtF thaiM pheuuaF phiH suut[n]L khwaamM bawL riH sootL laeH dtaawL suuF khaH deeM dtaamM graL buaanM gaanM yooH dtiL thamM anM chaawpF duayF gohtL maayR laeH bpenM bpaiM dtaamM lakL niH dtiL thamM"He will return to Thailand in order to prove his innocence and to fight the case against him in accordance with due process under the law and with the rule of law. ."
à¢ÒµÑ´ÊÔ¹ã¨ÅÒÍÍ¡¨Ò¡§Ò¹»ÃШÓáÅÐÅØÂ·Ó¡Òçҹ¡ÒÃàÁ×ͧ ´éǤÇÒÁàª×èÍÁÑè¹ã¹¾ÃÊÇÃäìáËè§¡ÒÃà»ç¹¹Ñ¡¾Ù´khaoR dtatL sinR jaiM laaM aawkL jaakL ngaanM bpraL jahmM laeH luyM thahmM gaanM ngaanM gaanM meuuangM duayF khwaamM cheuuaF manF naiM phaawnM saL wan[k]R haengL gaanM bpenM nakH phuutF"He decided to leave his job and tread a political path with confidence in his gift as an orator."
¤¹ä·Â¤§àÍ×ÍÁÃÐÍÒ´éÇ ¤Ó¢ÇÑ­ËÅÍ¡æ à¾Õé¹ æ ÍÂÙèáÅéÇkhohnM thaiM khohngM euuamM raH aaM duayF khahmM khwanR laawkL laawkL phiianH phiianH yuuL laaeoH"Thais are fed up with 'catchwords' and clever phrases which deceive or fail to ring true."
¤¹ÍÕ¡¨Ó¹Ç¹ÁÒ¡ ·Ñ¹âÅ¡·Ñ¹ÊÁÑÂäÁèä´é ¨Ö§¡ÅÒÂà»ç¹ª¹ªÑé¹Í¹Ò¶Ò µ¡¹Í¡¢ÍºÊѧ¤Á äÃé·ÃѾÂì äÃéÊÔ·¸Ô äÃéàÊÕ§ àÅÕ駪վ´éÇÂÍÒª­Ò¡ÃÃÁ ˹շء¢ì´éÇÂÂÒàʾµÔ´ ·Ø¡Êѧ¤ÁÁÕ¤¹áºº¹ÕéºéÒ§khohnM eekL jahmM nuaanM maakF thanM lohkF thanM saL maiR maiF daiF jeungM glaayM bpenM chohnM chanH aL naaM thaaR dtohkL naawkF khaawpL sangR khohmM raiH sap[y]H raiH sitL thiH raiH siiangR liiangH cheepF duayF aatL chaH yaaM gamM neeR thook[k]H duayF yaaM saehpL dtitL thookH sangR khohmM meeM khohnM baaepL neeH baangF"Another large number of people cannot cope with modernity and become members of the 'impoverished class.' They fall outside the bounds of society; they are without wealth and without any rights; they have no voice (in the political system); they support themselves through crime; they escape poverty through (selling) drugs. Every society has people like this."
¤Ø³Ë­Ô§¤¹¹Ñé¹ ¨ÐÅÐÍè͹´éÇÂÇÑ áµè¡Òö١¡Âèͧà»ç¹à¨ê ã¹Ç§¡ÒùÑé¹ ÂèÍÁÊзé͹ãËéàË繡ÒÃÂÍÁÃѺ㹤ÇÒÁà»ç¹¹Ñ¡¡ÒÃàÁ×ͧ·ÕèªèӪͧ áÅÐÁÒ¡´éÇÂÂØ·¸ÇÔ¸ÕkhoonM yingR khohnM nanH jaL laH aawnL duayF waiM dtaaeL gaanM thuukL yohkH yaawngF bpenM jehH naiM wohngM gaanM nanH yaawmF saL thaawnH haiF henR gaanM yaawmM rapH naiM khwaamM bpenM nakH gaanM meuuangM theeF chahmF chaawngM laeH maakF duayF yooH thohtH wiH theeM"Even though she is young, the fact that she is treated as a respected elder in those circles; this is a reflection of her acceptance as a seasoned politician (who is) adept at tactics and strategies."
à¨éÒ˹éÒ·ÕèÊÒÃÇѵ÷ËÒ÷Õè´ÙáŤÇÒÁ»ÅÍ´ÀѵéͧÁÒËéÒÁ»ÃÒÁ¨¹à˵ءÒóìÂØµÔ´éÇ´ÕjaoF naaF theeF saaR raH watH thaH haanR theeF duuM laaeM khwaamM bplaawtL phaiM dtaawngF maaM haamF bpraamM johnM haehtL gaan[n]M yooH dtiL duayF deeM"The military police officers who were maintaining peace had to deter (the protestors) until the situation became defused."
àª×èÍÇèÒËÅÒ½èÒ¤§äÁè¢Ñ´¢éͧ áÅÐàËç¹´éÇ¡Ѻá¹Ç·Ò§¹Õé´éÇ«éÓ à¾ÃÒд٨Ðà¢éÒ·Õèà¢éÒ·Ò§¡ÇèÒÃٻẺà´ÔÁcheuuaF waaF laayR faayL khohngM maiF khatL khaawngF laeH henR duayF gapL naaeoM thaangM neeH duayF sahmH phrawH duuM jaL khaoF theeF khaoF thaangM gwaaL ruupF baaepL deermM"We believe that many of the factions will not object and will agree with these paths, because they see that (these paths) will fall into place better than the original did."
à´ç¡ÇÑÂÃØè¹·Õè¶Ù¡¨Ñº´éÇ¢éÍËÒ·ÓÃéÒÂÃèÒ§¡ÒÂä´éÃѺ»ÃСѹµÑÇÍÍ¡ä»áÅéÇdekL waiM roonF theeF thuukL japL duayF khaawF haaR thahmM raayH raangF gaayM daiF rapH bpraL ganM dtuaaM aawkL bpaiM laaeoH"The teenager who was arrested and charged with doing bodily harm to another has been bailed out of jail already."
¹Í¡¨Ò¡¤¹ä·ÂµéͧáÊ´§¹éÓã¨àÍ×éÍÍÒ·Ãà¼×èÍá¼èãËéàË繡ѹã¹ÂÒÁÂÒ¡áÅéÇ ¤¹ä·Â¡çµéͧàµÃÕÂÁ¾ÃéÍÁ·Õè¨ÐÃѺÁ×͡ѺÀѸÃÃÁªÒµÔ·ÕèÍÒ¨à¡Ô´¢Öé¹´éÇÂnaawkF jaakL khohnM thaiM dtaawngF saL daaengM nahmH jaiM euuaF aaM thaawnM pheuuaL phaaeL haiF henR ganM naiM yaamM yaakF laaeoH khohnM thaiM gawF dtaawngF dtriiamM phraawmH theeF jaL rapH meuuM gapL phaiM thamM maH chaatF theeF aatL geertL kheunF duayFThe Thai people, besides needing to demonstrate kindness, assistance, and magnanimity in this time of difficulty, must prepare to cope with additional natural disasters which might come once again.
á¹è¹Í¹ÇèҨӹǹãºàËÅ×ͧ-ãºá´§ ·Õè¡ÃШءµÑÇÍÂÙè¡Ñº¾ÃäãË­èÂѧ·ÓãËé¾ÃäàÅ硾ÅÍÂâ´¹ËÒ§àŢ仴éÇÂnaaeF naawnM waaF jahmM nuaanM baiM leuuangR baiM daaengM theeF graL jookL dtuaaM yuuL gapL phakH yaiL yangM thahmM haiF phakH lekH phlaawyM dohnM haangR laehkF bpaiM duayF"It is certain that as the number of yellow and red cards pile up for the major party, the smaller parties also get caught up (in the problems.)"
ã¹ÍàÁÃÔ¡Ò ÃÒ¤Òá»é§·Ó¢¹Á»Ñ§á¾§¢Öé¹ÍÂèÒ§ÊÙ§ ¼Å¾Ç§¹Õé¡ç¡Ãд͹ÁÒ¶Ö§àÁ×ͧä·Â´éÇ¡ÃÐÁѧnaiM aL maehM riH gaaM raaM khaaM bpaaengF thahmM khaL nohmR bpangM phaaengM kheunF yaangL suungR phohnR phuaangM neeH gawF graL daawnM maaM theungR meuuangM thaiM duayF graL mangM"In America, the price of bread flour has increased significantly; the consequences of this (price increase) will perhaps redound to Thailand as well."
»ÅÒÃéҾѹËèÍ´éÇÂ ãº¤Ò ãº¡çàËÁ繤ÒÇ»ÅÒ¤ÅÐ¤ÅØé§bplaaM raaH phanM haawL duayF baiM khaaM baiM gawF menR khaaoM bplaaM khlaH khloongH"He that touches the pitch shall be defiled."
à»ç¹ÃѰºÒÅ·Õè»ÃСͺ´éǤ¹à¡è§ ¤¹«×èÍ ¤¹ÁÕ»ÃÐʺ¡ÒóìáÅÐÊÙ§Êè§ÍÒÇØâÊ´éÇÂÍÒÂØ¢ÑÂbpenM ratH thaL baanM theeF bpraL gaawpL duayF khohnM gehngL khohnM seuuF khohnM meeM bpraL sohpL gaan[n]M laeH suungR sohngL aaM wooH sohR duayF aaM yooH khaiR"This is a government composed of intelligent people; honest people; persons of experience; and persons of a ripe old age."
¼Ùé¹Ó¨ÐµéͧÁÕ¤ÇÒÁ«×èÍÊѵÂìÊØ¨ÃÔµáÅÐÁÕ¤ÇÒÁÂØµÔ¸ÃÃÁ ÁÕà˵ØÁռŠäÁèËŧÍÓ¹Ò¨ ¡ÃзӴéǤÇÒÁªÍº¸ÃÃÁ äÁè·ÓµÒÁÍÓàÀÍã¨phuuF nahmM jaL dtaawngF meeM khwaamM seuuF sat[y]L sooL jaL ritL laeH meeM khwaamM yooH dtiL thamM maH meeM haehtL meeM phohnR maiF lohngR ahmM naatF graL thahmM duayF khwaamM chaawpF thamM maiF thahmM dtaamM ahmM phuuhrM jaiM"A leader much be possessed of honesty and fairness; (he must operate) reasonably; he must not become infatuated by power; he must operate out of legitimacy; and he must not act arbitrarily."
¾Í˹ØèÁËÅèÍ ¹Ñ¡¡ÕÌÒâçàÃÕ¹ÁÒ¤ØÂ´éÇÂ˹èÍ ÂÒ¹آ¡ç¡ÃдÕê¡ÃдêÒä»·Ñé§ÇѹphaawM noomL laawL nakH geeM laaM rohngM riianM maaM khuyM duayF naawyL yaayM nookH gawF graL deeH graL daaH bpaiM thangH wanM"After the young, handsome, male athlete from school came over to talk to her, Nuk giggled all day long."
à¾ÃÒФسà»ç¹¤¹âË´àËÕéÂÁ ¨Ö§äÁèÁÕã¤ÃÍÂÒ¡·Õè¨ÐÂØè§´éÇÂphrawH khoonM bpenM khohnM hohtL hiiamF jeungM maiF meeM khraiM yaakL theeF jaL yoongF duayF"Because you are so cruel, no one wants to interact with you."
à¾×è͹¼Á¤¹¹Ö§¨ÐÁÒ·Ò¹¢éÒÇà·Õè§´éÇ ÁÕÍÒËÒþÍäËÁ?pheuuanF phohmR khohnM neungM jaL maaM thaanM khaaoF thiiangF duayF meeM aaM haanR phaawM maiR[spoken by a male] "I have a friend coming for lunch. Have you enough?"
Áѹ§èÒÂÁÒ¡·Õè·èÒ¹¨Ð¾Åԡ˹éÒÁ×Íà»ç¹ËÅѧÁ×Í´éÇ¡ÒáÃзӷءÊÔè§·Ø¡ÍÂèÒ§µÃ§¢éÒÁ¡Ñº·Õè¹ÒÂ¡Ï à¡èÒà¤Â·ÓmanM ngaayF maakF theeF thanF jaL phlikH naaF meuuM bpenM langR meuuM duayF gaanM graL thahmM thookH singL thookH yaangL dtrohngM khaamF gapL theeF naaM yohkH gaoL kheeuyM thahmM"It is very easy for him to completely turn over a new leaf by doing everything exactly the opposite of what the former Prime Minister used to do."
àÁ×èÍÀѸÃÃÁªÒµÔ¨Ò¡¤Å×è¹ÂÑ¡Éì¶ÅèÁ»èÒà¶×è͹¶Ö§à¾Õ§¹Õé áÅéÇàÃ×èͧÍÐä÷Õ褹ä·ÂµéͧÁÒà¢è¹¦èÒ»ÃÐËѵ»ÃÐËÒáѹàͧ´éÇÂàÅèÒmeuuaF phaiM thamM maH chaatF jaakL khleuunF yak[s]H thaL lohmL bpaaL theuuanL theungR phiiangM neeH laaeoH reuuangF aL raiM theeF khohnM thaiM dtaawngF maaM khehnL khaaF bpraL hatL bpraL haanR ganM aehngM duayF laoF"When a natural disaster from a tsunami washes over the virgin forests, why must Thais murder each other to make matters even worse?"
äÁèä´é´éÇÂàÅèËì¡çàÍÒ´éÇ¡ŠäÁèä´é´éÇÂÁ¹µì¡çàÍÒ´éǤҶÒmaiF daiF duayF leh[h]F gawF aoM duayF gohnM maiF daiF duayF mohn[d]M gawF aoM duayF khaaM thaaR"By hook or by crook." — Machiavellian
ÂѧäÁè͹ØÁѵÔãË騹¡ÇèÒÃèÒ§¾ÃÐÃÒªºÑ­­ÑµÔÇèÒ´éǤÇÒÁ»ÅÍ´ÀÑ·ҧªÕÇÀÒ¾¨ÐáÅéÇàÊÃ稾ÃéÍÁÁռźѧ¤ÑºãªéyangM maiF aL nooH matH haiF johnM gwaaL raangF phraH raatF chaH banM yatH waaF duayF khwaamM bplaawtL phaiM thaangM cheeM waH phaapF jaL laaeoH setL phraawmH meeM phohnR bangM khapH chaiH"Permission will not be given until the legislation regarding biological safety is completed and has become effective."
ÃѪ¡ÒÅ·Õè õ ¤§¨Ð·Ã§ÍØ·ÔȾÃÐͧ¤ìà¾×èͺéÒ¹àÁ×ͧµÒÁÃ;Ãкҷ¾ÃÐÃÒªºÔ´Ò ´éÇÂÃÐÂÐàÇÅҢͧ¡ÒÃàÊÇÂÃÒªÂì·Õè¹Ò¹¡ÇèÒratH chaH gaanM theeF haaF khohngM jaL sohngM ooL thitH phraH ohng[k]M pheuuaF baanF meuuangM dtaamM raawyM phraH baatL phraH raatF chaH biL daaM duayF raH yaH waehM laaM khaawngR gaanM saL weeuyR raat[y]F theeF naanM gwaaL"King Rama V dedicated himself to his country and nation following in the footsteps of his father; he (Rama V) occupied the throne for a longer period of time (than his father)."
àÃÒÍèÒ¹¡ÇÕ¹Ô¾¹¸ì´éÇÂµÒ ÁÕ㨨´ã¨¨è͵èÍÊÔè§·Õè¡ÓÅѧÍèÒ¹raoM aanL gweeM niH phohn[t]M duayF dtaaM meeM jaiM johtL jaiM jaawL dtaawL singL theeF gahmM langM aanL"We read poetry with our eyes and we pay attention to what we are reading."
âÅ¡àÃÒ¤ÇÃàµçÁä»´éÇÂἧǧ¨Ãä¿¿éÒ¨Ò¡áʧÍÒ·ÔµÂìáÅСѧËѹÅÁº¹ÂÍ´à¢ÒáÅЪÒ·ÐàÅlohkF raoM khuaanM dtemM bpaiM duayF phaaengR wohngM jaawnM faiM faaH jaakL saaengR aaM thit[y]H laeH gangM hanR lohmM bohnM yaawtF khaoR laeH chaayM thaH laehM"Our world should be filled with solar cell arrays and wind turbines on the top of mountains and along the sea coast."
Çѹ¹Ñé¹âºÍÔé§ÅÓãË­èÂѧà¹×ͧá¹è¹ä»´éǹѡ¡ÒÃàÁ×ͧ¤èÒÂä·ÂÃÑ¡ä·Âà¡èÒwanM nanH bohM ingF lahmM yaiL yangM neuuangM naaenF bpaiM duayF nakH gaanM meuuangM khaayF thaiM rakH thaiM gaoL"On that day, the Boeing airliner was packed full of politicians of the former Thai Rak Thai group."
ÈÒʹÒÍÔÊÅÒÁ¹Ñé¹ËÒãªèà»ç¹à¾Õ§ÍѵÅѡɳì·Ò§ÈÒʹÒáÅÐÇѲ¹¸ÃÃÁà·èÒ¹Ñé¹ áµèä´é¡ÅÒÂà»ç¹ÍѵÅѡɳì·Ò§¡ÒÃàÁ×ͧÍÂèҧ˹Öè§´éÇÂsaatL saL naaR itL laamM nanH haaR chaiF bpenM phiiangM atL dtaL lakH thaangM saatL saL naaR laeH watH thaH naH thamM thaoF nanH dtaaeL daiF glaayM bpenM atL dtaL lakH thaangM gaanM meuuangM yaangL neungL duayF"Islam is not only a religious and cultural identity but is a political identity as well."
ËÅÒÂà¼èÒ´éÇ¡ѹ·Óà¡ÉµÃ´éÇÂÇÔ¸Õ·ÓäÃèàÅ×è͹ÅÍ Íѹà»ç¹ÇÔ¸Õ·ÕèàËÁÒСѺÊѧ¤Á¢Í§à¢ÒlaayR phaoL duayF ganM thahmM gaL saeht[r]L duayF wiH theeM thahmM raiF leuuanF laawyM anM bpenM wiH theeM theeF mawL gapL sangR khohmM khaawngR khaoR"Many tribes employ slash and burn agricultural methods which are appropriate to their social structure."
ãËé»ÃÐàÊÃ԰仡ѺàÃÒ´éÇÂä´éäËÁ¤Ð?haiF bpraL seertL bpaiM gapL raoM duayF daiF maiR khaH[spoken by female] "Can Prasert come with us?"
ÍØºÑµÔÀÑÂÃéÒÂáç·Ò§¸ÃÃÁªÒµÔ·Õèà¡Ô´¡Ñº»ÃÐà·È¾ÁèÒâ´Â¾ÒÂØä«â¤Å¹¹ÒÃì¡ÕʶÅèÁ´éǤÇÒÁàÃçÇÅÁ¶Ö§ ñùð ¡ÔâÅàÁµÃµèͪÑèÇâÁ§ooL batL phaiM raayH raaengM thaangM thamM maH chaatF theeF geertL gapL bpraL thaehtF phaH maaF dooyM phaaM yooH saiM khlohnM naa[r]M geetL thaL lohmL duayF khwaamM reoM lohmM theungR neungL gaoF suunR giL lohM maeht[r]F dtaawL chuaaF mohngMCyclone Nargis bombarded Burma with buffeting winds of up to 190 kilometers per hour, creating a major natural disaster.
2.   [adverb]
definition
either

3.   [adverb]
definition
also in "not only....", "but also...."

4.   [preposition]
definition
with [e.g. to do some action with some object]

examples¡ÒáÃеØé¹ÍÇÑÂÇÐà¾ÈʵÃÕ´éÇ»ҡáÅÐÅÔé¹gaanM graL dtoonF aL waiM waH phaehtF saL dtreeM duayF bpaakL laeH linHcunnilingus (the act or practice of orally stimulating the female genitals)
¡ÒÃà¢Õ¹¤Óä·Â´éǵÑÇÍÑ¡ÉÃÀÒÉÒÍѧ¡ÄÉgaanM khiianR khahmM thaiM duayF dtuaaM akL saawnR phaaM saaR angM gritL[always capitalize] Romanization
à¡çºà§Ô¹´éǺÔÅgepL ngernM duayF binMto bill
¦èÒ´éÇ¡êÒ«khaaF duayF gaasHto gas (someone to death)
¨¹´éÇÂà¡ÅéÒjohnM duayF glaoF[is] baffled
¨Ñº´éÇ¡Ѻ´Ñ¡japL duayF gapL dakLto trap (an animal)
¨Ñº´éÇÂÁ×ÍjapL duayF meuuMto catch
´éǤÇÒÁàµçÁã¨duayF khwaamM dtemM jaiM[a conventional response to expressions of thanks] "With one's pleasure"; "One's pleasure"
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