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·Ñé§  thangH
contents of this page
1.all; entire; whole; wholly
2.[introducing joined subjects 'a' and 'b'] both [a] áÅР/¡Ñº  [b]
3.[see examples]

pronunciation guide
Phonemic Thai·Ñé§
IPAtʰáŋ
Royal Thai General Systemthang

1. common Thai word   [adjective, adverb, preposition]
definition
all; entire; whole; wholly

examples
áµè¶éÒà»ç¹ÈѾ·ì·Ò§ÇÔªÒ¡ÒÃËÃ×ÍÇÔÊÒÁҹ¹ÒÁãËéà¡çºäÇé·Ñé§ ò µÑÇ â´ÂãÊèà¤Ã×èͧËÁÒ·ѳ±¦ÒµäÇé·ÕèµÑÇ·éÒ àªè¹
dtaaeL thaaF bpenM sap[t]L thaangM wiH chaaM gaanM reuuR wiH saaR maanM yaH naamM haiF gepL waiH thangH saawngR dtuaaM dooyM saiL khreuuangF maayR thanM thaH khaatF waiH theeF dtuaaM thaayH chehnF
However, if such word is a technical term or is a proper noun, the double letters are retained and a silencer is placed over the second letter, for example:
¶éÒ·Ñ駤ӤسÈѾ·ìáÅФӹÒÁà»ç¹¤Ó·ÑºÈѾ·ì·ÕèÂѧäÁè¶×Íà»ç¹¤Óä·Â ãËé·ÑºÈѾ·ìµÃ§µÒÁÈѾ·ìà´ÔÁ àªè¹
thaaF thangH khahmM khoonM sap[t]L laeH khahmM naamM bpenM khahmM thapH sap[t]L theeF yangM maiF theuuR bpenM khahmM thaiM haiF thapH sap[t]L dtrohngM dtaamM sap[t]L deermM chehnF
If both the adjective and the related noun are transcribed words neither of which are considered Thai words, they should be transcribed in the order of the original English words, for example:
µÒ·Ñé§¡ÅÁdtaayM thangH glohmMto die while pregnant
·Ñé§¡ÅÁthangH glohmM[are] dead both mother and child
·Ñé§â¢Â§thangH khaL yohngRthe whole bunch
·Ñ駤׹thangH kheuunMall night
·Ñ駪ҵÔthangH chaatFall across the nation
·Ñé§·ÕthangH theeMat every chance
·Ñé§á·è§thangH thaaengFpure; untainted; solid all the way through
·Ñé§¹Ñé¹thangH nanHthose; these
·Ñé§¹Ñé¹thangH nanHin its entirety
·Ñé§¹ÕéthangH neeHso; as such
·Ñ駺éÒ¹thangH baanFthe whole house
·Ñ駻ǧthangH bpuaangMall; in total; completely; of every kind; as a whole
·Ñé§à»ç¹thangH bpenMalive
·Ñé§âÅ¡thangH lohkFall over the world
·Ñé§ÇѹthangH wanMall day
·Ñé§Êͧ¤¹thangH saawngR khohnMboth of those people
·Ñé§ÊͧÍÂèÒ§thangH saawngR yaangLboth of them; both items
·Ñé§ÊÔé¹thangH sinFall of it; completely; entirely
·Ñé§ËÁ´thangH mohtLall; it all; all of it; altogether; completely; every; whole
·Ñé§ËÅÒÂthangH laayRall; many; several
·ÑèÇ·Ñé§âÅ¡thuaaF thangH lohkFall over this wide earth
·èÒ¹·Ñé§ËÅÒÂthanF thangH laayR"Ladies and gentlemen"
äÁèà¹×èͧã¹À¾·Ñé§ÊÒÁmaiF neuuangF naiM phohpH thangH saamR[Buddhism] free from the Three Worlds (i.e. ¡ÒÁÀ¾, ÃÙ»À¾ and ÍÃÙ»À¾) believed to cause endless cycles of ¡ÒÃà¡Ô´  (birth), ¡ÒÃá¡è (old age), ¡ÒÃà¨çº (suffering) and ¡ÒõÒ (death)
ÃèÇÁ·Ñé§ruaamF thangHto include
ÃèÇÁ·Ñé§ruaamF thangHincluding
àÊé¹»ÃÐÊÒ··Ñé§ËéÒsehnF bpraL saatL thangH haaFfive senses
sample
sentences
¡ÃзÓãËéµèÒ§½èÒµèÒ§¾ÂÒÂÒÁàºè§ºÒÃÁÕãÊè¡Ñ¹ áÅÐà»Ô´ÈÖ¡áÂè§ÍÓ¹Ò¨ áÂè§à¡éÒÍÕéµÑÇÊӤѭ·Ñé§ã¹ÃѰºÒÅáÅÐÃѰÊÀÒÍÂèÒ§äÁèÅ´ÃÒÇÒÈÍ¡¡Ñ¹
graL thahmM haiF dtaangL faayL dtaangL phaH yaaM yaamM behngL baaM raH meeM saiL ganM laeH bpeertL seukL yaaengF ahmM naatF yaaengF gaoF eeF dtuaaM sahmR khanM thangH naiM ratH thaL baanM laeH ratH saL phaaM yaangL maiF lohtH raaM waaM saawkL ganM
"This causes each faction to flex their own paper against each other and to create struggles to wrest power from each other. They are fighting over important positions both within the government and the legislature, each one unwilling to give even one inch."
¡ÃÐáÊ¢èÒÇ·ÕèÍÍ¡ÁÒ·ÓãËé¾Ãä·Ñé§Êͧ¾Ãäµéͧ¿Ñ§¡è͹µÑ´ÊÔ¹ã¨à¢éÒÃèÇÁÃѰºÒÅ
graL saaeR khaaoL theeF aawkL maaM thahmM haiF phakH thangH saawngR phakH dtaawngF fangM gaawnL dtatL sinR jaiM khaoF ruaamF ratH thaL baanM
"The information that emerged caused both parties to listen before making a decision regarding joining in the government."
¡ÒÃãªéàÊÕ§ÊÙ§µèÓÊÅѺ¡Ñ¹¡ÃзÓãËéÁÕ¤ÇÒÁä¾àÃÒÐ ·Ñé§Âѧ·ÓãËéà¡Ô´Áâ¹ÀÒ¾ªÑ´à¨¹
gaanM chaiH siiangR suungR dtahmL saL lapL ganM graL thahmM haiF meeM khwaamM phaiM rawH thangH yangM thahmM haiF geertL maH nohM phaapF chatH jaehnM
"The use of high and low pitched sounds (in Thai) creates a melodious sound in addition to which (such sounds) evoke clear images and visions."
à¢Ò·Ñé§ËÁ´¨ÐÁÒËÒàÃÒ·Ñé§ÊͧÇѹ¹Õé
khaoR thangH mohtL jaL maaM haaR raoM thangH saawngR wanM neeH
All of them will be coming to see the two of us today.
à¢ÒÍèҹ˹ѧÊ×ÍÍÐäÃàÇÅÒäÃä´é·Ñé§¹Ñé¹
khaoR aanL nangR seuuR aL raiM waehM laaM raiM daiF thangH nanH
He can read any book when-so-ever he wishes.
á¢è§¿ØµºÍÅàÁ×èÍÇÒ¹¹Õé ¼ÙéÃÑ¡ÉÒ»ÃеٷÑé§Êͧ½èÒ¡ҧÁØé§ÃÍÃѺ¨¹à¡×ͺËÁ´àÇÅÒ¶Ö§ä´éÁÕ¡ÒÃÂÔ§»Ãе١ѹ
khaengL footH baawnM meuuaF waanM neeH phuuF rakH saaR bpraL dtuuM thangH saawngR faayL gaangM moongH raawM rapH johnM geuuapL mohtL waehM laaM theungR daiF meeM gaanM yingM bpraL dtuuM ganM
"In yesterday's football match the goalkeepers on both sides stood around twiddling their thumbs until the very end of the game when the teams were able to take shots on goal."
¤ÇÒÁ¢ÕéÃÔéÇ¢ÕéàËÃè·Ñé§ËÅÒ äÁèä´éÍÂÙè㹤ÇÒÁÃѺ¼Ô´ªÍº¢Í§µ¹àͧ ËÒ¡áµèÁÒ¨Ò¡à˵ػѨ¨ÑÂÍ×è¹ ·ÕèÍÂÙèà˹×Í¡ÒäǺ¤ØÁ
khwaamM kheeF riuH kheeF rehL thangH laayR maiF daiF yuuL naiM khwaamM rapH phitL chaawpF khaawngR dtohnM aehngM haakL dtaaeL maaM jaakL haehtL bpatL jaiM euunL theeF yuuL neuuaR gaanM khuaapF khoomM
"All of the unattractiveness (of the leadership group) is not his responsibility; but arises from factors beyond his control."
¤ÇÒÁÁØè§ËÁÒÂÍѹÊÙ§ÊØ´¢Í§¡ÒÃÈÖ¡ÉÒ¤×Í¡ÒÃãËéàÂÒǪ¹à»ç¹¼ÙéãË­è·ÕèºÃÃÅØÇØ²ÔÀÒÇзÑé§·Ò§ÍÒÃÁ³ìáÅÐʵԻѭ­Ò
khwaamM moongF maayR anM suungR sootL khaawngR gaanM seukL saaR kheuuM gaanM haiF yaoM waH chohnM bpenM phuuF yaiL theeF banM looH wootH phaaM waH thangH thaangM aaM rohm[n]M laeH saL dtiL bpanM yaaM
"The highest purpose of education is to allow our youth to become mature adults both emotionally and intellectually."
¤Ó¹ÒÁáÅФӡÃÔÂÒ·Õè¹ÓÁÒãªéà»ç¹¤ÓÇÔàÈɳì â´ÂÁÒ¡à»ç¹ÅѡɳÇÔàÈɳì áÅФÓÇÔàÈɳìã´ æ ·Õè¨Ñ´à¢éÒ㹤ÓÇÔàÈɳ쪹ԴÍ×è¹ æ äÁèä´é µéͧ¹ÑºÇèÒà»ç¹ÅѡɳÇÔàÈɳì·Ñé§ÊÔé¹
khahmM naamM laeH khahmM gaL riH yaaM theeF nahmM maaM chaiH bpenM khahmM wiH saeht[n]L dooyM maakF bpenM lakH saL naL wiH saeht[n]L laeH khahmM wiH saeht[n]L daiM daiM theeF jatL khaoF naiM khahmM wiH saeht[n]L chaH nitH euunL euunL maiF daiF dtaawngF napH waaF bpenM lakH saL naL wiH saeht[n]L thangH sinF
Nouns and verbs which are used as modifiers are usually “characteristic modifiers” and any modifier which cannot be otherwise be classified will be considered to be a “characteristic modifier.”
¤Õµ¡ÇÕãË­è æ ¢Í§âÅ¡Åéǹà¤Â¶Ù¡¹Ñ¡ÇÔ¨Òóì«Öè§µÒÁäÁè·Ñ¹â¨ÁµÕáËÅ¡ÅÒ­ÁÒáÅéÇ·Ñé§¹Ñé¹
kheeM dtaL gweeM yaiL yaiL khaawngR lohkF luaanH kheeuyM thuukL nakH wiH jaan[n]M seungF dtaamM maiF thanM johmM dteeM laaekL laanM maaM laaeoH thangH nanH
"World-renown composers of music have always been heavily criticized by critics who cannot understand (their artistic expressions)."
ªéÒ§µÒ·Ñé§µÑÇ àÍÒ㺺ÑǻԴäÁèÁÔ´
chaangH dtaayM thangH dtuaaM aoM baiM buaaM bpitL maiF mitH
"What is done by night appears by day."
«Ò¡´Ö¡´ÓºÃþìÁÕËÅÒª¹Ô´ ÍÒ¨à»ç¹ÊÔè§·ÕèÁÕ¤ÇÒÁ¤§·¹ÂÒ¡µèÍ¡Ò÷ÓÅÒ àªè¹ ¿Ñ¹ ¡Ãд١ ËÃ×Í à»Å×Í¡ áµè㹺ҧÊÀÒÇÐ ÍÒ¨ÁÕ¡ÒÃà¡çºÃÑ¡ÉÒ«Ò¡ÊѵÇì·Ñé§µÑÇãË餧ÍÂÙèä´é
saakF deukL dahmM ban[p]M meeM laayR chaH nitH aatL bpenM singL theeF meeM khwaamM khohngM thohnM yaakF dtaawL gaanM thahmM laayM chehnF fanM graL duukL reuuR bpleuuakL dtaaeL naiM baangM saL phaaM waH aatL meeM gaanM gepL rakH saaR saakF sat[w]L thangH dtuaaM haiF khohngM yuuL daiF
"There are many kinds of fossils. Sometimes they are highly durable items which are difficult to destroy, such as teeth, bones, or shells. However, in some situations, they represent preservation of the remains of complete animal bodies."
µÑǼÁ¡Ãлš¡ÃÐà»ÅÕéÂà¾ÅÕ·Ñé§¡Ò àÊÕÂàªÔ§ªÒÂË´ËÙèÍ´ÊÙ¨ÃÔ§
dtuaaM phohmR graL bplohkL graL bpliiaF phliiaM thangH gaayM siiaR cheerngM chaayM hohtL huuL ohtL suuR jingM
"My entire body is feeble and weak; my male spirit is dejected and I feel ashamed (from the song “àÅèÒÊÙè¡Ñ¹¿Ñ§”)"
¶éÒàÃҺѭ­ÑµÔÈѾ·ìÍÐäÃ æ ¢Öé¹ÁÒ ¡ç¨Ð¢ÍãËé»ÃЪҪ¹·Ñé§»ÃÐà·Èà»ç¹¼Ùé·ÕèÁÕ¤ÇÒÁ¤Ô´ã¹´éÒ¹ÀÒÉÒà»ç¹ÈѾ·ìºÑ­­ÑµÔ¡Ã¡Ñ¹·Ñ駪ҵÔËÃ×Íà»ç¹ÇÔ·ÂҡüÙé·ÕèÁÕ¤ÇÒÁÃÙé·Ñ駪ҵԡçäÁèä´é
thaaF raoM banM yatH sap[t]L aL raiM aL raiM kheunF maaM gawF jaL khaawR haiF bpraL chaaM chohnM thangH bpraL thaehtF bpenM phuuF theeF meeM khwaamM khitH naiM daanF phaaM saaR bpenM sap[t]L banM yatH gaawnM ganM thangH chaatF reuuR bpenM witH thaH yaaM gaawnM phuuF theeF meeM khwaamM ruuH thangH chaatF gawF maiF daiF
If we do create new words, we cannot ask that everyone in the country be thoughtful about language and serve as wordsmiths and as language experts.
·Ñé§½èÒÂÃѰºÒÅáÅнèÒ¤éÒ¹â¨ÁµÕáÅеͺâµé¡Ñ¹ÍÂèÒ§´Øà´×Í´àÅ×Í´¾ÅèÒ¹
thangH faayL ratH thaL baanM laeH faayL khaanH johmM dteeM laeH dtaawpL dtohF ganM yaangL dooL deuuatL leuuatF phlaanF
"Both the government side and the opposition attacked and counterattacked furiously."
·èÒ¹·Ñé§ËÅÒ·Õèà»ç¹ÈѾ·ìºÑ­­ÑµÔ¡Ã¡çà»ç¹ºèÍà¡Ô´...
thanF thangH laayR theeF bpenM sap[t]L banM yatH gaawnM gawF bpenM baawL geertL
All of you who are wordsmiths are also sources. [...]
·èÒ¹·Ñé§ËÅÒÂÍÂÒ¡´Ùã¤ÃºéÒ§
thanF thangH laayR yaakL duuM khraiM baangF
Whom [many people] would all of you like to see?
¹ÃªÒµÔÇÒ§ÇÒÂ
ÁÅÒÂÊÔé¹·Ñé§ÍÔ¹·ÃÕÂì
ʶԵ·ÑèÇáµèªÑèÇ´Õ
»ÃдѺäÇéã¹âÅ¡Ò

naH raH chaaM dtiL waangM waayM maH laayM sinF thangH inM see[y]M saL thitL thuaaF dtaaeL chuaaF deeM bpraL dapL waiH naiM lohM gaaM
When humans die,
All their physical bodies perish;
Only their goodness and badness remain
As grace and disgrace to decorate the world
¹ÔÂÁÇÔàÈÉ³ì ¤×Í ¤ÓÇÔàÈɳì·Õè»ÃСͺºÍ¡¤ÇÒÁªÕé੾ÒÐ ËÃ×ͨӡѴŧä»ÇèÒà»ç¹àªè¹¹Ñé¹àªè¹¹Õé ËÃ×ÍÊÔè§¹Ñé¹ ÊÔè§¹Õé àªè¹ ¹Õè ¹Ñè¹ â¹è¹ ¹Õé ¹Ñé¹ â¹é¹ ·Ñé§¹Õé ·Ñé§¹Ñé¹ ÍÂèÒ§¹Õé ÍÂèÒ§¹Ñé¹ ´Ñ§¹Õé ´Ñ§¹Ñé¹ á·é ¨ÃÔ§ ੾ÒÐ àͧ ´Í¡ á¹è¹Í¹ ·Õà´ÕÂÇ à·ÕÂÇ à¨ÕÂÇ ÏÅÏ
niH yaH maH wiH saeht[n]L kheuuM khahmM wiH saeht[n]L theeF bpraL gaawpL baawkL khwaamM cheeH chaL phawH reuuR jahmM gatL lohngM bpaiM waaF bpenM chehnF nanH chehnF neeH reuuR singL nanH singL neeH chehnF neeF nanF nohnF neeH nanH nohnH thangH neeH thangH nanH yaangL neeH yaangL nanH dangM neeH dangM nanH thaaeH jingM chaL phawH aehngM daawkL naaeF naawnM theeM diaaoM thiaaoM jiaaoM
“Demonstrative modifiers” are modifiers which serve to specify or limit the related word to a specific meaning or a specific item; such words include, “this,” “that,” “that one over there,” “all of these,” “all of those,” “like this,” “like that,” “as follows,” “like this (or that),” “truly,” “specifically,” “only this,” “at all,” “certainly,” “absolutely,” “certainly,” “surely, positively,” etc.
ºÍ¡¨Ó¹Ç¹»ÃÔÁÒ³ ¤×ÍÁÔä´éºÍ¡ªÑ´Å§ä»ÇèÒà·èÒ¹Ñé¹à·èÒ¹Õé à»ç¹áµè¡Ó˹´ÇèÒÁÒ¡ËÃ×͹éÍ«Ö觾ͨÐÃÙé¤ÇÒÁËÁÒÂä´éâ´Â»ÃÔÁÒ³ àªè¹ ÁÒ¡ ¹éÍ ËÅÒ ·Ñé§ËÅÒ ¨Ø ·Ñ駻ǧ ·Ñé§ËÁ´ ºÃÃ´Ò ¤¹ÅÐ ÊÔè§ÅÐ µèÒ§ ºÒ§ ºéÒ§ ¡Ñ¹ ÏÅÏ àªè¹
baawkL jahmM nuaanM bpaL riH maanM kheuuM miH daiF baawkL chatH lohngM bpaiM waaF thaoF nanH thaoF neeH bpenM dtaaeL gahmM nohtL waaF maakF reuuR naawyH seungF phaawM jaL ruuH khwaamM maayR daiF dooyM bpaL riH maanM chehnF maakF naawyH laayR thangH laayR jooL thangH bpuaangM thangH mohtL banM daaM khohnM laH singL laH dtaangL baangM baangF ganM chehnF
To indicate a quantity, although it is not necessary that the number be precise; the modifier may indicate “many” or “a few” just to show an approximation of the amount. Examples include, “a lot,” “few,” “many,” “all of,” “much,” “the entirety of,” “all of,” “complete,” “each one of,” “one of,” “each and every,” “some,” “partly,” “each other,” etc. Some examples include:
»ÃеԪ­ÒÇÔàÈÉ³ì ¤×Í ¤ÓÇÔàÈɳì·Õè»Ãк͡àÊÕ§ÃéͧàÃÕ¡áÅÐàÊÕ§¢Ò¹ÃѺ à¾×èÍáÊ´§¤ÇÒÁÊÅÐÊÅÇ¢ͧÀÒÉÒ áÅÐáÊ´§¤ÇÒÁà»ç¹¡Ñ¹àͧÃÐËÇèÒ§¼Ùé¾Ù´ àªè¹ ¨ëÒ ¢ÍÃѺ àÇé âÇé âÇ áÅкÃôҤӢÍÃѺ·Õè¡ÅèÒÇáÅéÇ㹤ÓÇÔàÈɳìÃÒªÒÈѾ·ì·Ñé§ÊÔé¹ (´Ù¤ÓÇÔàÈɳìÃÒªÒÈѾ·ì¢éҧ˹éÒ)
bpraL dtitL chaH yaaM wiH saeht[n]L kheuuM khahmM wiH saeht[n]L theeF bpraL baawkL siiangR raawngH riiakF laeH siiangR khaanR rapH pheuuaF saL daaengM khwaamM saL laL saL luayR khaawngR phaaM saaR laeH saL daaengM khwaamM bpenM ganM aehngM raH waangL phuuF phuutF chehnF jaaR khaawR rapH weeuyH wooyH wooyM laeH banM daaM khahmM khaawR rapH theeF glaaoL laaeoH naiM khahmM wiH saeht[n]L raaM chaaM sap[t]L thangH sinF duuM khahmM wiH saeht[n]L raaM chaaM sap[t]L khaangF naaF
Affirmative Modifiers are modifiers which are expressions of calling out and requesting or of answering and response; these words show the melodiousness of the language. The use of these words also indicate that both the parties to the conversation have an informal or friendly relationship to each other. Words include the following: “jaa,” “khorap,” “woiy (high tone”), “wooy (high tone)” “wooy (mid tone)” as well as all the other response words included in the royal language modifiers (See the the list of royal language modifiers below.) [The text itself contains a separate section on royal language modifiers.] Sample sentences include:
»ÅÒà¹èÒµÑÇà´ÕÂÇ àËÁç¹ËÁ´·Ñé§¢éͧ
bplaaM naoF dtuaaM diaaoM menR mohtL thangH khaawngF
"One scabbed sheep will mar the whole flock." — "One rotten apple spoils the whole barrel."
¼ÙéµÒ·Ñé§ÊͧäÁèà¤ÂÁÕàÃ×èͧºÒ´ËÁÒ§¡Ñºã¤Ã
phuuF dtaayM thangH saawngR maiF kheeuyM meeM reuuangF baatL maangR gapL khraiM
"Neither of the two persons who died were ever on bad terms with anyone."
¾Í˹ØèÁËÅèÍ ¹Ñ¡¡ÕÌÒâçàÃÕ¹ÁÒ¤ØÂ´éÇÂ˹èÍ ÂÒ¹آ¡ç¡ÃдÕê¡ÃдêÒä»·Ñé§Çѹ
phaawM noomL laawL nakH geeM laaM rohngM riianM maaM khuyM duayF naawyL yaayM nookH gawF graL deeH graL daaH bpaiM thangH wanM
"After the young, handsome, male athlete from school came over to talk to her, Nuk giggled all day long."
¾Ù´ªÑ¡áÁè¹éÓ·Ñé§ËéÒ
phuutF chakH maaeF naahmH thangH haaF
"To beat around the bush."
...ÀÒÉÒä·ÂËÃ×ÍÀÒÉÒ·Ñé§ËÅÒ·Õèãªé¡Ñ¹ã¹»Ñ¨¨ØºÑ¹¡ÃйÑé¹à»ç¹ÀÒÉÒ·ÕèÁÕªÕÇÔµ
phaaM saaR thaiM reuuR phaaM saaR thangH laayR theeF chaiH ganM naiM bpatL jooL banM graL nanH bpenM phaaM saaR theeF meeM cheeM witH
The Thai language or other languages that are in current use are living languages.
Áͧ´Ùà¹×éÍ˹ѧÁѧÊҢͧµ¹àͧ äÁèÇèÒÊèǹä˹Áѹ¡çà¡Ô´º¹á¼è¹´Ô¹¼×¹¹Õé·Ñé§¹Ñé¹
maawngM duuM neuuaH nangR mangM saaR khaawngR dtohnM aehngM maiF waaF suaanL naiR manM gawF geertL bohnM phaenL dinM pheuunR neeH thangH nanH
"When I look at any part of my body (I realize) that each part was born on this Land."
ÁÕËÅÒ¤¹à¤ÂàʹÍãËéà¢ÒºÇª ÁÕ·Ñé§àʹÍã¹àªÔ§¡ÅÂØ·¸ì áÅÐàʹÍà¾×èÍãËé¸ÃÃÁ¡ÅèÍÁà¡ÅÒ¨Ôµã¨
meeM laayR khohnM kheeuyM saL nuuhrR haiF khaoR buaatL meeM thangH saL nuuhrR naiM cheerngM gohnM yoot[t]H laeH saL nuuhrR pheuuaF haiF thamM glaawmL glaoM jitL jaiM
"Many people recommended that he become ordained to obtain both a strategic benefit and to allow him to train his mind."
àÁ×èÍÇÒ¹¹Õé©Ñ¹ÍÂÙèºéÒ¹·Ñé§Çѹ
meuuaF waanM neeH chanR yuuL baanF thangH wanM
"Yesterday I was home all day."
áÁé·Ñé§ÊÒÁ¤¹¨ÐÊÙ§ÇÑ¡çµÒÁáµèà¢ÒÂѧ´Óà¹Ô¹º·ºÒ·ã¹Êѧ¤ÁÍÂèÒ§äÁèÂèÍ·éÍ
maaeH thangH saamR khohnM jaL suungR waiM gawF dtaamM dtaaeL khaoR yangM dahmM neernM bohtL baatL naiM sangR khohmM yaangL maiF yaawF thaawH
"Even though all three of them were elderly, they continued to perform their roles in society without being discouraged."
äÁèÃÙéËÃ×ÍÇèÒ¡ÒáÃзÓàªè¹¹Õé¼Ô´¡®ËÁÒ áÅÐÊ觼šÃзºã¹·Ò§àÊÕÂËÒ·Ñé§µè͵ÑÇàͧáÅФÃͺ¤ÃÑÇ
maiF ruuH reuuR waaF gaanM graL thahmM chehnF neeH phitL gohtL maayR laeH sohngL phohnR graL thohpH naiM thaangM siiaR haayR thangH dtaawL dtuaaM aehngM laeH khraawpF khruaaM
"Doesn’t he know that this action both violates the law and has a negative effect on both himself and his family?"
ÃѰ¨Ö§Áͧ·Ñé§Ãкºà¾×èÍãËé·Ø¡¤¹ÍÂÙèä´é áÅÐäÁèÁÕ¡ÒÃàÍÒÃÑ´àÍÒà»ÃÕº«Ö觡ѹáÅСѹ
ratH jeungM maawngM thangH raH bohpL pheuuaF haiF thookH khohnM yuuL daiF laeH maiF meeM gaanM aoM ratH aoM bpriiapL seungF ganM laeH ganM
The government views the entire process (as a way) to satisfy everyone’s individual needs and (its objective) is that no party will be able to take undue advantage over any other party.