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1.  [conjunction]
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| definition |
[suffix used for comparisons] than; more; -er
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| notes | Click here for more information on using this word and the comparative form. |
| examples | à¡Ô¹¡ÇèÒ | geernM gwaaL | in excess of; over; more than |
| ¢Ñ鹡ÇèÒ | khanF gwaaL | [grammar] comparative |
| ¤ÇÒÁ¤Ô´·ÕèÇèÒ¼ÙéªÒÂà˹×Í¡ÇèÒ¼ÙéËÔ§ | khwaamM khitH theeF waaF phuuF chaayM neuuaR gwaaL phuuF yingR | [showing disapproval] male chauvinism |
| à§Õº¡ÇèÒ | ngiiapF gwaaL | quieter |
| ¨¹¡ÇèÒ | johnM gwaaL | as long as; up until...; til |
©ÅÒ´¡ÇèÒ | chaL laatL gwaaL | smarter than... |
| ªÍºÁÒ¡¡ÇèÒ | chaawpF maakF gwaaL | prefer; to like better than |
| ªéÒ¡ÇèÒ | chaaH gwaaL | behind |
| ªéÒ¡ÇèÒ¡Ó˹´ | chaaH gwaaL gahmM nohtL | to delay; delayed |
| ´éÍ¡ÇèÒ | daawyF gwaaL | below |
| ´Õ¡ÇèÒ | deeM gwaaL | better than...; better not; would rather...; had better... |
| µèÓ¡ÇèÒ | dtahmL gwaaL | below; under; lower than |
| àµÕé¡ÇèÒ | dtiiaF gwaaL | shorter than... (in height) |
| ¶Ù¡¡ÇèÒ | thuukL gwaaL | [is] cheaper than... |
| ¹éÍ¡ÇèÒ | naawyH gwaaL | less than; fewer than |
| àºÒ¡ÇèÒ | baoM gwaaL | lighter than...; gentler than...; softer than... |
| »ÅÍ´ÀÑ¡ÇèÒ | bplaawtL phaiM gwaaL | safer (than...) |
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¾Ù´¨ÒãËé¨êÐ æ ¨ëÒ æ ¹èҿѧàÍÂÏ | bpenM maH noot[y]H sootL bpraL seertL leertF khoonM khaaF gwaaL banM daaM fuungR sat[w]L daehM ratH chaanR johngM faaL fanM phatH naaM wiH chaaM gaanM yaaL laangH phlaanR reuuH khehnL khaaF beeM thaaM khraiM maiF theuuR thohtF grohtL chaaengF satH heutH hatH daaL hatL aL phaiM meuuanR geeM laaM atL chaaM saiR bpaL dtiL batL bpraL phritH gohtL gahmM nohtL jaiM phuutF jaaM haiF jaH jaH jaaR jaaR naaF fangM eeuyM | [a Thai pangram (a sentence using every letter of the alphabet)] |
| ᾧ¡ÇèÒ | phaaengM gwaaL | [is] more expensive than |
| ÀÑ¡ÇèÒ | phaiM gwaaL | more dangerous |
| ÁÒ¡¡ÇèÒ | maakF gwaaL | more than |
| ÂÒÇ¡ÇèÒ | yaaoM gwaaL | longer than... |
| ÂÔ觡ÇèÒ | yingF gwaaL | even more than... |
| ÃéÒ¡ÇèÒà¡èÒ | raayH gwaaL gaoL | worse |
| àÃçÇ¡ÇèÒ»¡µÔ | reoM gwaaL bpaL gaL dtiL | early; earlier than usual |
| àÃ×èͧáµè§ÃéÍÂá¡éÇ«Öè§ÂÒÇáÅЫѺ«é͹¡ÇèÒàÃ×èͧÊÑé¹ | reuuangF dtaengL raawyH gaaeoF seungF yaaoM laeH sapH saawnH gwaaL reuuangF sanF | novella (a tale or short story of the type contained in Giovanni Boccaccio's Decameron; a fictional prose narrative that is longer and more complex than a short story; a short novel or a long short story) |
| ÅéÒËÅѧ¡ÇèÒ | laaH langR gwaaL | to fall behind; to be behind the time; to lag behind |
| àÅç¡¡ÇèÒ | lekH gwaaL | smaller; smaller than |
| ÊÇ¡ÇèÒ | suayR gwaaL | prettier than... |
| Êͧà·èÒ¡ÇèÒ | saawngR thaoF gwaaL | twice as much |
| ÊÐÍÒ´¡ÇèÒ | saL aatL gwaaL | cleaner than... |
| ÊÑ鹡ÇèÒ | sanF gwaaL | shorter than... (in length) |
| ÊÙ§¡ÇèÒ | suungR gwaaL | taller than...; higher |
| ˹ÕéàÊÕ¢ͧÊÔ¹àª×èͺéÒ¹·Õè»ÅèÍ¡Ùéá¡è¼ÙéÁÕà¤Ã´ÔµµèÓ¡ÇèÒÁҵðҹ | neeF siiaR khaawngR sinR cheuuaF baanF theeF bplaawyL guuF gaaeL phuuF meeM khraehM ditL dtahmL gwaaL maat[r]F thaanR | defauts on home loans to people with below standard credit ratings |
| ãËè¡ÇèÒ | yaiL gwaaL | bigger than ...; larger than ... |
| ãËÁè¡ÇèÒ | maiL gwaaL | newer than |
sample
sentences | ¡Ñ¹äÇé´Õ¡ÇèÒá¡é | ganM waiH deeM gwaaL gaaeF | "An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure." |
| ¤ÃÑ駹ÕéäÁèãªè¤ÃÑé§áá㹡ÒÃàÁ×ͧä·Â·Õè¶Ö§·Ò§µÑ¹ áµè·Ò§µÑ¹¤ÃÑ駹Õé¹èÒÇÔµ¡¡ÇèÒà¾ÃÒÐÁͧäÁèàËç¹·Ò§ÍÍ¡ | khrangH neeH maiF chaiF khrangH raaekF naiM gaanM meuuangM thaiM theeF theungR thaangM dtanM dtaaeL thaangM dtanM khrangH neeH naaF wiH dtohkL gwaaL phrawH maawngM maiF henR thaangM aawkL | "This is not the first time that the Thai polity has come to a stalemate but the stalemate this time is more worrisome because we cannot see any way out." |
| àª×èÍÇèÒËÅÒ½èÒ¤§äÁè¢Ñ´¢éͧ áÅÐàËç¹´éÇ¡Ѻá¹Ç·Ò§¹Õé´éÇ«éÓ à¾ÃÒд٨Ðà¢éÒ·Õèà¢éÒ·Ò§¡ÇèÒÃٻẺà´ÔÁ | cheuuaF waaF laayR faayL khohngM maiF khatL khaawngF laeH henR duayF gapL naaeoM thaangM neeH duayF sahmH phrawH duuM jaL khaoF theeF khaoF thaangM gwaaL ruupF baaepL deermM | "We believe that many of the factions will not object and will agree with these paths, because they see that (these paths) will fall into place better than the original did." |
| ·ÕÁàËÁ×͹ æ ¡Ñ¹ áµèà¨éÒ¶Ô蹺ÒÃìà«âÅ¹Ò ¡çÂѧ¤§à©Õº¤Á¡ÇèÒ | theemM meuuanR meuuanR ganM dtaaeL jaoF thinL baa[r]M saehM lohM naaM gawF yangM khohngM chiiapL khohmM gwaaL | "Both teams are about evenly matched but the home team, Barcelona, is probably a bit sharper." |
| 㹻Ѩ¨ØºÑ¹ ¡ÒÃÊÓÃǨÀÙÁÔ»ÃÐà·È à»ç¹àÃ×èͧäÁèÂÒ¡àÂç¹ÍÐäùѡ à¾ÃÒÐàÊé¹·Ò§¤Á¹Ò¤ÁÊдǡʺÒ¢Ö鹡ÇèÒáµè¡è͹ÁÒ¡ | naiM bpatL jooL banM gaanM sahmR ruaatL phuuM miH bpraL thaehtF bpenM reuuangF maiF yaakF yenM aL raiM nakH phrawH sehnF thaangM khaH maH naaM khohmM saL duaakL saL baayM kheunF gwaaL dtaaeL gaawnL maakF | "Geographical survey these days is nary an arduous undertaking, as the roads and communications have been considerably improved and made convenient." |
| ¼ÁÂѧÍèҹ˹ѧÊ×Íä·ÂäÁèÍÍ¡ ¤Ô´ÇèÒÂÒ¡¡ÇèÒ¾Ù´ | phohmR yangM aanL nangR seuuR thaiM maiF aawkL khitH waaF yaakF gwaaL phuutF | "I still cannot read Thai. I think it is more difficult than speaking." |
| ¼ÁÇèÒ à»ÅÕè¹à»ç¹ÇѹËÅѧ´Õ¡ÇèÒ ÍÒ¨¨ÐÊдǡ¡ÇèÒ¹Õé | phohmR waaF bpliianL bpenM wanM langR deeM gwaaL aatL jaL saL duaakL gwaaL neeH | "I suggest that we deal with this later. It'll probably be more convenient." |
| ÀÒÇТҴá¤Å¹ÍÒËÒÃŧ¨¹¶Ö§¢Ñé¹Çԡĵ¤ÃÑ駹ÕéÊÒà˵ØÊÓ¤Ñà»ç¹à¾ÃÒÐÃҤҢͧ¾×ªÍÒËÒö١´Ñ¹¢Öé¹ä»¨¹ÊÙ§à¡Ô¹¡ÇèÒ·Õ褹¸ÃÃÁ´ÒËÒàªéÒ¡Ô¹¤èÓ¨ÐÁշعÃ͹¾Í·Õè¨Ð«×éÍä´é | phaaM waH khaatL khlaaenM aaM haanR lohngM johnM theungR khanF wiH gritL khrangH neeH saaR haehtL sahmR khanM bpenM phrawH raaM khaaM khaawngR pheuutF aaM haanR thuukL danM kheunF bpaiM johnM suungR geernM gwaaL theeF khohnM thamM maH daaM haaR chaaoH ginM khahmF jaL meeM thoonM raawnM phaawM theeF jaL seuuH daiF | "The food shortage situation has become a crisis the most important cause of which is that the price of food has been forced upward, beyond the purchasing ability of the common person who lives from hand to mouth." |
| Áô¡·Õè·Ôé§äÇéãËéÊѧ¤Áä·Â¤×Í¡Òõ×è¹µÑǢͧ¡ÅØèÁ»ÃЪҪ¹«Öè§àÃÕ¡¡Ñ¹ÇèÒÃÒ¡ËéÒ ¤¹¡ÅØèÁ¹ÕéäÁèà¤ÂÍÂÙèã¹Ç§¨Ã¡ÒÃàÁ×ͧä·ÂÁҡ仡ÇèÒŧ¤Ðá¹¹ã¹ËÕººÑµÃàÅ×Í¡µÑé§ | maawM raH dohkL theeF thingH waiH haiF sangR khohmM thaiM kheuuM gaanM dteuunL dtuaaM khaawngR gloomL bpraL chaaM chohnM seungF riiakF ganM waaF raakF yaaF khohnM gloomL neeH maiF kheeuyM yuuL naiM wohngM jaawnM gaanM meuuangM thaiM maakF bpaiM gwaaL lohngM khaH naaenM naiM heepL bat[r]L leuuakF dtangF | "A legacy which has been left to Thai society is the awakening of that segment of the Thai people called the “grassroots”. This group has [historically] not been within the circle of Thai politics for more than merely placing their votes in a ballot box." |
| àÁ×èÍÇѹ·Õè ô ¾ÄÉÀÒ¤Á·Õè¼èÒ¹«Ö觤ÃèÒªÕÇÔµ¼Ù餹ªÒǾÁèÒä» ò ËÁ×蹡ÇèÒÃÒ áÅÐËÒ¡¼ÙéÊÙËÒ¡ÅÒÂà»ç¹È¾¡ç¨Ð¡ÃзÓãËéÂÍ´¡ÒÃàÊÕªÕÇÔµ¾Øè§Ê٧件֧ ô-õ ËÁ×蹤¹ | meuuaF wanM theeF seeL phreutH saL phaaM khohmM theeF phaanL seungF khraaF cheeM witH phuuF khohnM chaaoM phaH maaF bpaiM saawngR meuunL gwaaL raayM laeH haakL phuuF suunR haayR glaayM bpenM sohpL gawF jaL graL thahmM haiF yaawtF gaanM siiaR cheeM witH phoongF suungR bpaiM theungR seeL haaF meuunL khohnM | This past May 4th, (the cyclone) killed more than 20,000 persons and, if missing persons are counted as having perished, the number of deceased will shoot up, reaching 40-50,000 persons. |
| áÁéàÇÅÒ¼èÒ¹ÁÒ¡ÇèÒÊͧ·ÈÇÃÃÉáÅéÇ¡çµÒÁáµèÁØÁÁͧ¢Í§·èÒ¹ÂѧÃèÇÁÊÁÑÂÍÂÙèäÁè¹éÍ | maaeH waehM laaM phaanL maaM gwaaL saawngR thohtH watH laaeoH gawF dtaamM dtaaeL moomM maawngM khaawngR thanF yangM ruaamF saL maiR yuuL maiF naawyH | "Even though two decades have past, his perspective is still fairly contemporary." |
| ÂѧäÁè͹ØÁѵÔãË騹¡ÇèÒÃèÒ§¾ÃÐÃÒªºÑѵÔÇèÒ´éǤÇÒÁ»ÅÍ´ÀÑ·ҧªÕÇÀÒ¾¨ÐáÅéÇàÊÃ稾ÃéÍÁÁռźѧ¤Ñºãªé | yangM maiF aL nooH matH haiF johnM gwaaL raangF phraH raatF chaH banM yatH waaF duayF khwaamM bplaawtL phaiM thaangM cheeM waH phaapF jaL laaeoH setL phraawmH meeM phohnR bangM khapH chaiH | "Permission will not be given until the legislation regarding biological safety is completed and has become effective." |
| ÂÔè§á¡è¡ÇèÒ ÂÔ觷ӼԴ¹éÍ¡ÇèÒ | yingF gaaeL gwaaL yingF thahmM phitL naawyH gwaaL | "As I get older, I make that mistake less (often)." |
| ÂاÃéÒ¡ÇèÒàÊ×Í | yoongM raayH gwaaL seuuaR | "The mosquito is more dangerous than the tiger." |
| ö¢Í§à¢ÒÇÔè§àÃçÇ¡ÇèÒö¢Í§©Ñ¹ | rohtH khaawngR khaoR wingF reoM gwaaL rohtH khaawngR chanR | "His car is faster than mine." |
| ö¤Ñ¹ÊÕá´§ÊÇÂÂÔ觡ÇèÒö¤Ñ¹·ÕèàËÅ×ͧ«ÐÍÕ¡ | rohtH khanM seeR daaengM suayR yingF gwaaL rohtH khanM theeF leuuangR saH eekL | "The red car is even more beautiful than the yellow one." |
| ÃѪ¡ÒÅ·Õè õ ¤§¨Ð·Ã§ÍØ·ÔȾÃÐͧ¤ìà¾×èͺéÒ¹àÁ×ͧµÒÁÃ;Ãкҷ¾ÃÐÃÒªºÔ´Ò ´éÇÂÃÐÂÐàÇÅҢͧ¡ÒÃàÊÇÂÃÒªÂì·Õè¹Ò¹¡ÇèÒ | ratH chaH gaanM theeF haaF khohngM jaL sohngM ooL thitH phraH ohng[k]M pheuuaF baanF meuuangM dtaamM raawyM phraH baatL phraH raatF chaH biL daaM duayF raH yaH waehM laaM khaawngR gaanM saL weeuyR raat[y]F theeF naanM gwaaL | "King Rama V dedicated himself to his country and nation following in the footsteps of his father; he (Rama V) occupied the throne for a longer period of time (than his father)." |
| àÅ×Í´¢é¹¡ÇèÒ¹éÓ | leuuatF khohnF gwaaL naahmH | "Blood is thicker than water." |
| ÊѹµÔÀÒ¾à»ç¹ÊÔ觷ÕèÁÕ¾ÅÇѵÍÂèÒ§ÂÔè§áÅйèÒʹã¨äÁè¹éÍ¡ÇèÒ¤ÇÒÁÃعáç | sanR dtiL phaapF bpenM singL theeF meeM phohnM laH watH yaangL yingF laeH naaF sohnR jaiM maiF naawyH gwaaL khwaamM roonM raaengM | "Peace is a state which possesses major dynamics and is significantly more interesting than violence." |
| ÊÕ¹ÕéÍè͹à¡Ô¹¹èÐ ÁÕ·ÕèÊÕá¡è¡ÇèÒ¹ÕéäËÁ | seeR neeH aawnL geernM naF meeM theeF seeR gaaeL gwaaL neeH maiR | "This color is too light. Do you have any darker cloth than this?" |
| ÍÂèÒàËç¹¢Õé´Õ¡ÇèÒäÊé | yaaL henR kheeF deeM gwaaL saiF | "Blood is thicker than water." — "The grass is always greener on the other side (of the fence)." |
| variations | ´Õ¡ÇèÒ | deeM gwaaL | better than...; better not; would rather...; had better... |
| ¶Ù¡¡ÇèÒ | thuukL gwaaL | [is] cheaper than... |
| ÊÐÍÒ´¡ÇèÒ | saL aatL gwaaL | cleaner than... |
| ÊÙ§¡ÇèÒ | suungR gwaaL | taller than...; higher |
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2. [preposition]
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| definition |
until; thus far
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sample
sentences | à¢ÒäÁèʺÒÂÁÒÊÒÁà´×͹¡ÇèÒáÅéÇ | khaoR maiF saL baayM maaM saamR deuuanM gwaaL laaeoH | "He has been unwell for more than three months already." |
| à¸Í¹Í¹á¹è¹Ôè§ÍÂÙèËÅÒªÑèÇâÁ§ ¡ÇèÒ¨Ðä´éʵԤ׹ÁÒ | thuuhrM naawnM naaeF ningF yuuL laayR chuaaF mohngM gwaaL jaL daiF saL dtiL kheuunM maaM | "Having been lying still and unconscious for several hours, she's now starting to come around/out of it." |
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3. [preposition, colloquial]
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| definition |
over
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| examples | ÀÃÃÂÒ·Õèà¢ÒäÁèä´éÇÕèáÇÇ¢èÒǤÃÒÇÍÐäÃàÅ µÅÍ´ÂÕèÊÔº¡ÇèÒ»Õ·Õè¼èÒ¹ÁÒ | phanM raH yaaM theeF khaoR maiF daiF weeF waaeoM khaaoL khraaoM aL raiM leeuyM dtaL laawtL yeeF sipL gwaaL bpeeM theeF phaanL maaM | a wife he hadn't seen hide or hair of in over 20 years |
| à˹×ͪÑ鹡ÇèÒ | neuuaR chanH gwaaL | to prevail over; predominate; lead; gain the upper hand; have an advantage |
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