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»ÃСͺ  bpraL gaawpL
contents of this page
1.»ÃСͺbpraL gaawpLto combine; to put together; to build; to assemble; to make; to erect
2.¡ÒûÃСͺgaanM bpraL gaawpL[the process of] combining together; composing
3.»ÃСͺbpraL gaawpLmade of; composed of
4.»ÃСͺbpraL gaawpLto accompany; to sing in the background or as a chorus

pronunciation guide
Phonemic Thai»ÚÃÐ-¡Íº
IPApràʔkɔ̀ːp
Royal Thai General Systemprakop

1. common Thai word   [verb]
definition
to combine; to put together; to build; to assemble; to make; to erect

examples
¤ÇÒÁÊÓàÃç¨ã¹¡ÒûÃСͺ¡Ô¨¡ÒÃ
khwaamM samR retL naiM gaanM bpraL gaawpL gitL gaanM
a success in an entreprenuership
¤Ó¤Ø³ÈѾ·ì·Õè»ÃСͺ¤Ó¹ÒÁ·Õèà»ç¹ÀÒÉÒä·Â ËÃ×Íà»ç¹¤Ó·ÑºÈѾ·ì áµèä´éãªéã¹ÀÒÉÒä·ÂÁÒ¨¹¶×Íà»ç¹¤Óä·ÂáÅéÇ ãËéÇÒ§¤Ó¤Ø³ÈѾ·ìäÇéËÅѧ¤Ó¹ÒÁ àªè¹
khamM khoonM naH sap[t]L theeF bpraL gaawpL khamM naamM theeF bpenM phaaM saaR thaiM reuuR bpenM khamM thapH sap[t]L dtaaeL daiF chaiH naiM phaaM saaR thaiM maaM johnM theuuR bpenM khamM thaiM laaeoH haiF waangM khamM khoonM naH sap[t]L waiH langR khamM naamM chehnF
If an adjective is combined with a native Thai noun or a transcribed word which has a long history of usage and this is treated as a native Thai word, the adjective should be placed behind the noun (as in standard Thai grammar conventions).
¤Ó»ÃСͺkhamM bpraL gaawpLcompound word
ªèÒ§µÃǨÊÒµһÃСͺáÇè¹
changF dtruaatL saayR dtaaM bpraL gaawpL waaenF
optometrist
µÑÇ»ÃСͺdtuaaM bpraL gaawpL[math] factor
¶éÒµéͧ¡ÒÃà¹é¹ÇèÒ¤Ó¹ÒÁ¹Ñé¹à»ç¹ÊÔè§·ÕèÁÕËÅÒª¹Ô´áÅФӤسÈѾ·ì·Õè»ÃСͺà»ç¹ª¹Ô´Ë¹Ö觢ͧ¤Ó¹ÒÁ¹Ñé¹ ÍÒ¨·ÑºÈѾ·ìâ´Âãªé¤Ó»ÃСͺ Ẻ ª¹Ô´ Ãкº ÏÅÏ ÁÒá·Ã¡äÇéÃÐËÇèÒ§¤Ó¹ÒÁ¡Ñº¤Ó¤Ø³ÈѾ·ì àªè¹
thaaF dtaawngF gaanM nehnH waaF khamM naamM nanH bpenM singL theeF meeM laayR chaH nitH laeH khamM khoonM naH sap[t]L theeF bpraL gaawpL bpenM chaH nitH neungL khaawngR khamM naamM nanH aatL thapH sap[t]L dooyM chaiH khamM bpraL gaawpL baaepL chaH nitH raH bohpL maaM saaekF waiH raH waangL khamM naamM gapL khamM khoonM naH sap[t]L chehnF
If one wishes to emphasize the fact that a particular noun is one of many elements in a series and the adjective associated with that noun is one of those elements, one may transcribe using a Thai combining word such as Ẻ  (model) ª¹Ô´  (kind or type) Ãкº  (method or system), such as:
»ÃСͺ¸ØÃ¡Ô¨bpraL gaawpL thooH raH gitLto run a business; manage a business
»ÃСͺÍÒªÕ¾bpraL gaawpL aaM cheepFto make a living; to pursue a career
»ÃСͺÍÒËÒÃbpraL gaawpL aaM haanRto cook or prepare a meal
¼Ùé»ÃСͺÇÔªÒªÕ¾àǪ¡ÃÃÁ
phuuF bpraL gaawpL wiH chaaM cheepF waehtF chaH gamM
medical professional
à¾Å§»ÃСͺÀҾ¹µÃìphlaehngM bpraL gaawpL phaapF phaH yohn[dr]Msoundtrack
ÁÕàÍ¡ÊÒûÃСͺmeeM aehkL gaL saanR bpraL gaawpLto have a document
ÊÁ»ÃСͺsohmR maH bpraL gaawpL[is] physically complete; healthy; robust
ÊÁ»ÃСͺsaL maH bpraL gaawpLregular; perfect
Êèǹ»ÃСͺsuaanL bpraL gaawpLcomposition; components
ͧ¤ì»ÃСͺohng[k]M bpraL gaawpLcomposition; component; ingredients; constituent part; element
sample
sentences
¡ÒÅÇÔàÈÉ³ì ¤×ͤÓÇÔàÈɳì·Õè»ÃСͺ¤ÓºÍ¡àÇÅÒ àªè¹
àªéÒ ÊÒ ºèÒ à·Õè§ àÂç¹ ¤èÓ Í´Õµ ͹Ҥµ »Ñ¨¨ØºÑ¹

gaanM wiH saeht[n]L kheuuM khamM wiH saeht[n]L theeF bpraL gaawpL khamM baawkL waehM laaM chehnF chaaoH saayR baayL thiiangF yenM khamF aL deetL aL naaM khohtH bpatL jooL banM
“Temporal modifiers” are modifying words which combine with other words to indicate time, for example:
“early,” “late,” “afternoon,” “noon,” “evening,” “dusk,” “past,” “future,” and “current.”
¡ÒÅàÇÅÒ¼èÒ¹ä» »ÃСͺ¡Ñº¼Ùéà¡ÕèÂÇ¢éͧäÁèʹ㨠·ÓãËé¡Ò÷ӧҹÂèÍËÂè͹ àÊ×èÍÁ»ÃÐÊÔ·¸ÔÀҾŧä»
gaanM waehM laaM phaanL bpaiM bpraL gaawpL gapL phuuF giaaoL khaawngF maiF sohnR jaiM thamM haiF gaanM thamM ngaanM yaawF yaawnL seuuamL bpraL sitL thiH phaapF lohngM bpaiM
"As time passes and the involved parties lose interest causing the effort to diminish and efficiency to be fade."
à¢Ò¡Ô¹ÍÒËÒèØÁÒ¡ [»ÃСͺ ¨Ø]
khaoR ginM aaM haanR jooL maakF bpraL gaawpL jooL
He ate quite heartily. [modifying 'heartily']
à¢ÒÃÑ¡¹éͧÁÒ¡àËÅ×Íà¡Ô¹ [»ÃСͺ ÁÒ¡]
khaoR rakH naawngH maakF leuuaR geernM bpraL gaawpL maakF
He loves his brother immensely much. [modifying 'much']
¤¹ÍéǹµØêµÐÇÔ觪éÒ [»ÃСͺ Íéǹ]
khohnM uaanF dtooH dtaL wingF chaaH bpraL gaawpL uaanF
The ponderous overweight man is running very slowly. [modifying 'overweight']
¤Ó¡ÃÔÂÒ ä´éá¡è¤Ó¡ÃÔÂÒ·Õè»ÃСͺ¤ÓÍ×è¹áÅзÓ˹éÒ·Õèàªè¹à´ÕÂǡѺ¤ÓÇÔàÈɳì àªè¹
khamM gaL riH yaaM daiF gaaeL khamM gaL riH yaaM theeF bpraL gaawpL khamM euunL laeH thamM naaF theeF chehnF diaaoM gapL khamM wiH saeht[n]L chehnF
Verbs: specifically, verbs which are combined with other types of words and perform the same function as modifiers, for example,
¤Ó¹ÒÁ ä´éá¡è¤Ó¹ÒÁ·Õè»ÃСͺ¤ÓÍ×è¹ áÅзÓ˹éÒ·Õèàªè¹à´ÕÂǡѺ¤ÓÇÔàÈɳì àªè¹ ä¡èºéÒ¹ ä¡è»èÒ ªéÒ§º¡ ¤ÃÙà´ç¡ ¤ÃÙ¼ÙéãË­è ÏÅÏ
khamM naamM daiF gaaeL khamM naamM theeF bpraL gaawpL khamM euunL laeH thamM naaF theeF chehnF diaaoM gapL khamM wiH saeht[n]L chehnF gaiL baanF gaiL bpaaL chaangH bohkL khruuM dekL khruuM phuuF yaiL
Nouns: specifically, nouns which are combined with other types of words and perform the same function as modifiers, for example, “domestic fowl,” “wild fowl,” “[terrestrial] elephant,” “a teacher of students,” and “a senior teacher.”
¤ÓÇÔàÈÉ³ì ¤×ͤӷÕè·Ó˹éÒ·Õè»ÃСͺ¤Ó¹ÒÁ, ¤ÓÊÃþ¹ÒÁ, ¤Ó¡ÃÔÂÒ áÅФÓÇÔàÈɳì´éÇ¡ѹãËéä´é¤ÇÒÁªÑ´à¨¹ÂÔè§¢Öé¹ µÑÇÍÂèÒ§ àªè¹
khamM wiH saeht[n]L kheuuM khamM theeF thamM naaF theeF bpraL gaawpL khamM naamM khamM sapL phaH naamM khamM gaL riH yaaM laeH khamM wiH saeht[n]L duayF ganM haiF daiF khwaamM chatH jaehnM yingF kheunF dtuaaM yaangL chehnF
A “modifier” is a word which serves the role of associating with a noun, pronoun, verb, or other modifier in order to bring greater clarity to it. Some examples are:
©Ñ¹ÁÕ¤ÇÒÁÁØè§ÁÑè¹·Õè¨ÐàÃÕ¹¡ÒúÃÔºÒÅ´ÙáżÙé»èÇÂãËéä´éà¾×èͨлÃСͺÍÒªÕ¾
chanR meeM khwaamM moongF manF theeF jaL riianM gaanM bawL riH baanM duuM laaeM phuuF bpuayL haiF daiF pheuuaF jaL bpraL gaawpL aaM cheepF
"I intend to learn care-giving for the sick and to make this my profession."
¹ÔÂÁÇÔàÈÉ³ì ¤×Í ¤ÓÇÔàÈɳì·Õè»ÃСͺºÍ¡¤ÇÒÁªÕé੾ÒÐ ËÃ×ͨӡѴŧä»ÇèÒà»ç¹àªè¹¹Ñé¹àªè¹¹Õé ËÃ×ÍÊÔè§¹Ñé¹ ÊÔè§¹Õé àªè¹ ¹Õè ¹Ñè¹ â¹è¹ ¹Õé ¹Ñé¹ â¹é¹ ·Ñé§¹Õé ·Ñé§¹Ñé¹ ÍÂèÒ§¹Õé ÍÂèÒ§¹Ñé¹ ´Ñ§¹Õé ´Ñ§¹Ñé¹ á·é ¨ÃÔ§ ੾ÒÐ àͧ ´Í¡ á¹è¹Í¹ ·Õà´ÕÂÇ à·ÕÂÇ à¨ÕÂÇ ÏÅÏ
niH yaH maH wiH saeht[n]L kheuuM khamM wiH saeht[n]L theeF bpraL gaawpL baawkL khwaamM cheeH chaL phawH reuuR jamM gatL lohngM bpaiM waaF bpenM chehnF nanH chehnF neeH reuuR singL nanH singL neeH chehnF neeF nanF nohnF neeH nanH nohnH thangH neeH thangH nanH yaangL neeH yaangL nanH dangM neeH dangM nanH thaaeH jingM chaL phawH aehngM daawkL naaeF naawnM theeM diaaoM thiaaoM jiaaoM
“Demonstrative modifiers” are modifiers which serve to specify or limit the related word to a specific meaning or a specific item; such words include, “this,” “that,” “that one over there,” “all of these,” “all of those,” “like this,” “like that,” “as follows,” “like this (or that),” “truly,” “specifically,” “only this,” “at all,” “certainly,” “absolutely,” “certainly,” “surely, positively,” etc.
ã¹»ÃÐ⤷Õè˹Öè§ ¡ÒÅÇÔàÈɳì»ÃСͺ¹ÒÁ, »ÃÐ⤷Õè ò »ÃСͺÊÃþ¹ÒÁ, »ÃÐ⤷Õè ó »ÃСͺ¡ÃÔÂÒ, »ÃÐ⤷Õè ô »ÃСͺÇÔàÈɳì
naiM bpraL yohkL theeF neungL gaanM wiH saeht[n]L bpraL gaawpL naamM bpraL yohkL theeF saawngR bpraL gaawpL sapL phaH naamM bpraL yohkL theeF saamR bpraL gaawpL gaL riH yaaM bpraL yohkL theeF seeL bpraL gaawpL wiH saeht[n]L
In the first sentence the time modifier is associated with a noun; in the second sentence it is associated with a pronoun; in the third sentence the modifier is associated with a verb; and, in the fourth, it is associated with another modifier.
»ÃСͺ¤Ó¡ÃÔÂÒ
bpraL gaawpL khamM gaL riH yaaM
associating with and modifying verbs
»ÃСͺ¤Ó¡ÃÔÂÒ ËÃ×ͤÓÇÔàÈɳì
bpraL gaawpL khamM gaL riH yaaM reuuR khamM wiH saeht[n]L
[They] are joined with a verb or another modifier
»ÃСͺ¤Ó¹ÒÁ
bpraL gaawpL khamM naamM
associating with and modifying nouns
»ÃСͺ¤ÓÇÔàÈɳì
bpraL gaawpL khamM wiH saeht[n]L
associating with and modifying other modifiers
»ÃСͺ¤ÓÊÃþ¹ÒÁ
bpraL gaawpL khamM sapL phaH naamM
associating with and modifying pronouns
»ÃеÔàɸÇÔàÈÉ³ì ¤×Í ¤ÓÇÔàÈɳì·Õè»ÃСͺºÍ¡¤ÇÒÁ»¯Ôàʸ ËÃ×ÍäÁèÂÍÁÃѺ àªè¹ äÁè, ÁÔ ãªè, äÁèãªè, º, ºè, ºèÁÔ, ºÃÒ§, Ä, Äå, ÁÔä´é, äÁèä´é, ËÒäÁè, ËÒ...äÁè, ËÒÁÔä´é, äÁè...ÁÔä´é, äÁè...ËÒÁÔä´é ¤Ó»ÃеÔàɸÇÔàÈÉ³ì ¨Ð»¯Ôàʸ·Õè¹ÒÁ ÊÃþ¹ÒÁ ¡ÃÔÂÒ ËÃ×Í ÇÔàÈÉ³ì ¡çä´é
bpraL dtiL saehtL wiH saeht[n]L kheuuM khamM wiH saeht[n]L theeF bpraL gaawpL baawkL khwaamM bpaL dtiL saehtL reuuR maiF yaawmM rapH chehnF maiF miH chaiF maiF chaiF baawM baawL baawL miH bawL raangM reuuM miH daiF maiF daiF haaR maiF haaR maiF haaR miH daiF maiF miH daiF maiF haaR miH daiF khamM bpraL dtiL saehtL wiH saeht[n]L jaL bpaL dtiL saehtL theeF naamM sapL phaH naamM gaL riH yaaM reuuR wiH saeht[n]L gaawF daiF
“Negative modifiers” are modifying words which indicate refusal or unacceptability, for example, “not,” (etc.) [The meanings of the Thai words in the list are similar.] These negative modifiers can be associated with nouns, pronouns, verbs, or other modifiers.
»Ãоѹ¸ÇÔàÈÉ³ì ¤×Í ¤ÓÇÔàÈɳì·Õè»ÃСͺ¤Ó¡ÃÔÂÒËÃ×ͤÓÇÔàÈɳì à¾×èÍàª×èÍÁ»ÃÐâ¤ãËé
bpraL phanM thaH wiH saeht[n]L kheuuM khamM wiH saeht[n]L theeF bpraL gaawpL khamM gaL riH yaaM reuuR khamM wiH saeht[n]L pheuuaF cheuuamF bpraL yohkL haiF
“Relative modifiers” are modifiers which are composed of verbs or other modifiers in order to connect clauses to produce cohesive paragraphs.
»ÃÐÁÒ³ÇÔàÈÉ³ì ¤×ͤÓÇÔàÈɳì·Õè»ÃСͺºÍ¡¨Ó¹Ç¹ áºè§ÍÍ¡à»ç¹ ò ª¹Ô´¤×Í
bpraL maanM wiH saeht[n]L kheuuM khamM wiH saeht[n]L theeF bpraL gaawpL baawkL jamM nuaanM baengL aawkL bpenM saawngR chaH nitH kheuuM
“Quantitative modifiers” are modifiers which indicate amounts and are composed of two types
»Ä¨©ÒÇÔàÈÉ³ì ¤×Í ¤ÓÇÔàÈɳì·Õè»ÃСͺà¹×éͤÇÒÁ·Õèà»ç¹¤Ó¶ÒÁ ËÃ×ͤÇÒÁʧÊÑ àªè¹ ã´ ä˹ äà ¡Õè ÍÐäà ·ÓäÁ ©Ñ¹ã´ àªè¹äà äËÁ Íѹ㴠ÍÂèÒ§äà à·èÒäà ä ËÃ×ÍË¹Í ÏÅÏ
bpritL chaaR wiH saeht[n]L kheuuM khamM wiH saeht[n]L theeF bpraL gaawpL neuuaH khwaamM theeF bpenM khamM thaamR reuuR khwaamM sohngR saiR chehnF daiM naiR raiM geeL aL raiM thamM maiM chanR daiM chehnF raiM maiR anM daiM yaangL raiM thaoF raiM yaiM reuuR naawR
“Interrogative modifier” is a modifier which is part of a question sentence structure or a structure indicating doubt, for example, “whichever,” “which,” “what,” “how many,” “what,” “why,” “why,” “how,” “(interrogatory),” “whichever,” “which way,” “how many,” “why,” “or what,” etc. Examples are:
à»ç¹ÃѰºÒÅ·Õè»ÃСͺ´éǤ¹à¡è§ ¤¹«×èÍ ¤¹ÁÕ»ÃÐʺ¡ÒóìáÅÐÊÙ§Êè§ÍÒÇØâÊ´éÇÂÍÒÂØ¢ÑÂ
bpenM ratH thaL baanM theeF bpraL gaawpL duayF khohnM gehngL khohnM seuuF khohnM meeM bpraL sohpL gaan[n]M laeH suungR sohngL aaM wooH sohR duayF aaM yooH khaiR
"This is a government composed of intelligent people; honest people; persons of experience; and persons of a ripe old age."
¼ÙéµéͧËÒÃѺ·ÃÒº¢éÍ¡ÅèÒÇËÒ»ÃСͺ´éÇÂãªé¡ÓÅѧ»ÃзØÉÃéÒÂËÃ×Í¢Ùèà¢ç­à¾×èÍáºè§á¡´Ô¹á´¹
phuuF dtaawngF haaR rapH saapF khaawF glaaoL haaR bpraL gaawpL duayF chaiH gamM langM bpraL thootH raayH reuuR khuuL khenR pheuuaF baengL yaaekF dinM daaenM
"The accused persons acknowledged the charges, consisting of the use of violent force or the threat (to use such force) in order to further the separatist insurgency."
¾Ãäà»ÅÕè¹µÑÇâ¦É¡ »ÃСͺà¢éҡѺÊÒþѴ»Ñ­ËÒ·ÕèÃØÁàÃéÒÃѰºÒÅÍÂèҧ˹ѡáÅеèÍà¹×èͧ
phakH bpliianL dtuaaM khohM sohkL bpraL gaawpL khaoF gapL saaR raH phatH bpanM haaR theeF roomM raaoH ratH thaL baanM yaangL nakL laeH dtaawL neuuangF
"The party is changing its spokesman as well as facing the multiple problems which continue to severely beset the government."
ÅѡɳÇÔàÈÉ³ì ¤×ͤÓÇÔàÈɳì·Õè»ÃСͺºÍ¡ÅѡɳеèÒ§ æ àªè¹ ºÍ¡ª¹Ô´, ÊÕ, Êѳ°Ò¹, ¢¹Ò´, àÊÕ§, ÍÒ¡ÒÃ, ¡ÅÔè¹, ÃÊ, ¤ÇÒÁÃÙéÊÖ¡ à»ç¹µé¹ àªè¹
´Õ, ªÑèÇ, ¢ÒÇ, ´Ó, ¡ÅÁ, ẹ, ãË­è, àÅç¡, â¤ÃÁ, à»ÃÕé§, àÃçÇ, ªéÒ, ËÍÁ, àËÁç¹, à»ÃÕéÂÇ, ËÇÒ¹, Ãé͹, àÂç¹ ÏÅÏ

lakH saL naL wiH saeht[n]L kheuuM khamM wiH saeht[n]L theeF bpraL gaawpL baawkL lakH saL naL dtaangL dtaangL chehnF baawkL chaH nitH seeR sanR thaanR khaL naatL siiangR aaM gaanM glinL rohtH khwaamM ruuH seukL bpenM dtohnF chehnF deeM chuaaF khaaoR damM glohmM baaenM yaiL lekH khrohmM bpriiangF reoM chaaH haawmR menR bpriaaoF waanR raawnH yenM
“Modifiers describing characteristics” which are combined with other words to describe various characteristics, such as describing the type, color, shape, size, sound, symptom, smell, taste, and feel, for example:
“good,” “evil,” “white,” “black,” “round,” “flat,” “large,” “small,” “thudding,” “thundering,” “fast, “slow,” “fragrant,” “stinky,” “sour,” “sweet,” “hot,” “cold,” etc.
ÇÅÕ ä´éá¡è¡ÅØèÁ¤Ó·Õè»ÃСͺ¤ÓÍ×è¹áÅзÓ˹éÒ·Õèàªè¹à´ÕÂǡѺ¤ÓÇÔàÈɳì
waH leeM daiF gaaeL gloomL khamM theeF bpraL gaawpL khamM euunL laeH thamM naaF theeF chehnF diaaoM gapL khamM wiH saeht[n]L
Phrases or word groups: specifically word groups which are combined with other words and which function as modifiers:
ʶҹÇÔàÈÉ³ì ¤×ͤÓÇÔàÈɳì·Õè»ÃСͺºÍ¡Ê¶Ò¹·Õè àªè¹ º¹ ÅèÒ§ à˹×Í ãµé ã¡Åé ä¡Å º¡ ¹éÓ ºéÒ¹ »èÒ ÏÅÏ
saL thaanR naH wiH saeht[n]L kheuuM khamM wiH saeht[n]L theeF bpraL gaawpL baawkL saL thaanR theeF chehnF bohnM laangF neuuaR dtaiF glaiF glaiM bohkL naamH baanF bpaaL
“Locational modifiers” are those that enhance words to indicate location, for example, “over,” “under,” “above,” “below,” “near,” “far,” “on land,” “on the water,” “at home,” “in the forest,” etc.
ÊÀÒ¼Ùéá·¹ÃÒÉ®Ãì»ÃСͺ´éÇÂÊÁÒªÔ¡¨Ó¹Ç¹ÊÕèÃéÍÂá»´ÊÔº¤¹ â´Âà»ç¹ÊÁÒªÔ¡«Öè§ÁÒ¨Ò¡¡ÒÃàÅ×Í¡µÑé§áººáºè§à¢µàÅ×Í¡µÑ駨ӹǹÊÕèÃéͤ¹ áÅÐÊÁÒªÔ¡«Öè§ÁÒ¨Ò¡¡ÒÃàÅ×Í¡µÑé§ áººÊÑ´Êèǹ¨Ó¹Ç¹á»´ÊÔº¤¹
saL phaaM phuuF thaaenM raatF bpraL gaawpL duayF saL maaM chikH jamM nuaanM seeL raawyH bpaaetL sipL khohnM dooyM bpenM saL maaM chikH seungF maaM jaakL gaanM leuuakF dtangF baaepL baengL khaehtL leuuakF dtangF jamM nuaanM seeL raawyH khohnM laeH saL maaM chikH seungF maaM jaakL gaanM leuuakF dtangF baaepL satL suaanL jamM nuaanM bpaaetL sipL khohnM
"The House of Representatives consists of 480 members – four hundred members elected on a constituency basis and eighty elected on a party-list basis."
ËÁÒÂà赯 ¤ÓÇÔàÈÉ³ì ¹Í¡¨Ò¡·Ó˹éÒ·Õè»ÃСͺ¹ÒÁ ÊÃþ¹ÒÁ ¡ÃÔÂÒ ÇÔàÈɳì áÅéÇÂѧ·Ó˹éÒ·Õèà»ç¹Í¡ÃÃÁ¡ÃÔÂÒä´é´éÇ àªè¹
maayR haehtL khamM wiH saeht[n]L naawkF jaakL thamM naaF theeF bpraL gaawpL naamM sapL phaH naamM gaL riH yaaM wiH saeht[n]L laaeoH yangM thamM naaF theeF bpenM aL gamM maH gaL riH yaaM daiF duayF chehnF
Comment: A modifier, in addition to being associated with a noun or pronoun, verb or another modifier, may also serve as an intransitive verb as well, for example,
͹ÔÂÁÇÔàÈÉ³ì ¤×Í ¤ÓÇÔàÈɳì·Õè»ÃСͺºÍ¡¤ÇÒÁäÁèªÕé੾ÒÐ ËÃ×ͨӡѴŧä»ÇèÒà»ç¹àªè¹¹Ñé¹ àªè¹¹Õé ËÃ×Í ÊÔè§¹Õé ÊÔè§¹Ñé¹ àªè¹ ã´ äà ä˹ ¡Õè ÍÐäà ·ÓäÁ ©Ñ¹ã´ àªè¹äà ÏÅÏ áµè¾Ö§ÊѧࡵÇèÒ ¤Ó¾Ç¡¹Õé¨ÐµéͧäÁèãªéã¹¢éͤÇÒÁ·Õèà»ç¹¤Ó¶ÒÁËÃ×ÍʧÊѨ֧¨Ð¹ÑºÇèÒ à»ç¹Í¹ÔÂÁÇÔàÈÉ³ì ¶éÒãªéã¹¢éͤÇÒÁ·Õèà»ç¹¤Ó¶ÒÁ ËÃ×ÍʧÊѨ֧¨Ð¹ÑºÇèÒ à»ç¹Í¹ÔÂÁÇÔàÈÉ³ì ¶éÒãªéã¹¢éͤÇÒÁ·Õèà»ç¹¤Ó¶ÒÁËÃ×ÍʧÊÑ àÃÕ¡ÇèÒ »Ä¨©ÒÇÔàÈÉ³ì µÑÇÍÂèÒ§
aL niH yaH maH wiH saeht[n]L kheuuM khamM wiH saeht[n]L theeF bpraL gaawpL baawkL khwaamM maiF cheeH chaL phawH reuuR jamM gatL lohngM bpaiM waaF bpenM chehnF nanH chehnF neeH reuuR singL neeH singL nanH chehnF daiM raiM naiR geeL aL raiM thamM maiM chanR daiM chehnF raiM dtaaeL pheungM sangR gaehtL waaF khamM phuaakF neeH jaL dtaawngF maiF chaiH naiM khaawF khwaamM theeF bpenM khamM thaamR reuuR sohngR saiR jeungM jaL napH waaF bpenM aL niH yaH maH wiH saeht[n]L thaaF chaiH naiM khaawF khwaamM theeF bpenM khamM thaamR reuuR sohngR saiR jeungM jaL napH waaF bpenM aL niH yaH maH wiH saeht[n]L thaaF chaiH naiM khaawF khwaamM theeF bpenM khamM thaamR reuuR sohngR saiR riiakF waaF bpritL chaaR wiH saeht[n]L dtuaaM yaangL
“Indefinite modifiers” are modifiers which express non-specificity or provide a delimiter that something is like this or that, or this thing or that thing; for example, the words “whatever,” “whichever,” “wherever,” “how,” “any,” “how many,” “which,” “why,” “why so ever,” and “how so ever.” However, one should observe that these words, in order to be indefinite modifiers, should not be used in interrogatory sentences or in sentences which indicate doubt; if these words are used in sentences which indicate interrogatories or doubts, they are called, “interrogatory modifiers.” [See below.] Examples include,
ÍÕ¡ÍÂèҧ˹Öè§µéͧÃÑ¡ÉÒãËéºÃÔÊØ·¸Ôìã¹ÇÔ¸ÕãªéËÁÒ¤ÇÒÁÇèÒÇÔ¸Õãªé¤ÓÁÒ»ÃСͺà»ç¹»ÃÐ⤹Ѻà»ç¹»Ñ­ËÒ·ÕèÊӤѭ
eekL yaangL neungL dtaawngF rakH saaR haiF bawL riH sootL naiM wiH theeM chaiH maayR khwaamM waaF wiH theeM chaiH khamM maaM bpraL gaawpL bpenM bpraL yohkL napH bpenM bpanM haaR theeF samR khanM
Another issue is to take care of maintaining purity is the use (of the language). This means that the use of words and the method of compiling them into sentences is a very important issue.
2. ¡ÒûÃСͺ  gaanM bpraL gaawpL  [noun]
definition
[the process of] combining together; composing

sample
sentence
¸»·.ä´éÍ͡˹ѧÊ×ÍàÇÕ¹àÃ×èͧ¡ÒûÃСͺ¸ØÃ¡ÃÃÁ¡ÒÃ͹ؾѹ¸ì·Ò§¡ÒÃà§Ô¹´éÒ¹ÍѵÃÒáÅ¡à»ÅÕè¹
daiF aawkL nangR seuuR wiianM reuuangF gaanM bpraL gaawpL thooH raH gamM gaanM aL nooH phan[t]M thaangM gaanM ngernM daanF atL raaM laaekF bpliianL
"The Bank of Thailand issued a circular concerning the business of issuing derivative instruments on currencies involving exchange rates."
3.   [verb]
definition
made of; composed of

synonym¡Í»ÃgaawpL[is] composed of
example»ÃСͺ´éÇÂbpraL gaawpL duayFcomposed of; consist of
4.   [verb]
definition
to accompany; to sing in the background or as a chorus

exampleµÑÇ»ÃСͺdtuaaM bpraL gaawpL[theater, acting] minor role; supporting role

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