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ÅР laH
contents of this page
1.to forsake; abandon; or leave
2.each; every; one at a time; [implying division] per
3.[formal, non-spoken spelling of ÅèР—a particle used at the end of a statement or question to add an imperative quality]
4.[prefix]

pronunciation guide
Phonemic ThaiÅÐ
IPAláʔ
Royal Thai General Systemla

similar
sounding
ÅèÐ
1.   [verb]
definition
to forsake; abandon; or leave

examplesÅÐàÅÂlaH leeuyMto abandon; desert; forsake; neglect
ÅÐàÅÂlaH leeuyMto be remiss; to neglect
»ÅèÍ»ÅÐÅÐàÅÂbplaawyL bplaL laH leeuyMto neglect; abandon; leave; be careless
ÅÐàÇé¹laH wehnHto refrain (from doing something); exclude; leave out; omit; reject; make an exception of
sample
sentences
á¡ê§¤ìÇÑÂÃØè¹«èÒ¹à«ç¹ä»¤¹ÅзÔÈÅзҧ àÁ×è͵ÓÃǨãªé¡ÓÅѧà¢éÒ»ÃÒº»ÃÒÁ
gaaeng[k]H waiM roonF saanF senM bpaiM khohnM laH thitH laH thaangM meuuaF dtamM ruaatL chaiH gamM langM khaoF bpraapL bpraamM
"The teenage gang scattered in all directions when the police arrived in force to suppress (their activities)."
ºÍ¡¨Ó¹Ç¹»ÃÔÁÒ³ ¤×ÍÁÔä´éºÍ¡ªÑ´Å§ä»ÇèÒà·èÒ¹Ñé¹à·èÒ¹Õé à»ç¹áµè¡Ó˹´ÇèÒÁÒ¡ËÃ×͹éÍ«Ö觾ͨÐÃÙé¤ÇÒÁËÁÒÂä´éâ´Â»ÃÔÁÒ³ àªè¹ ÁÒ¡ ¹éÍ ËÅÒ ·Ñé§ËÅÒ ¨Ø ·Ñ駻ǧ ·Ñé§ËÁ´ ºÃÃ´Ò ¤¹ÅÐ ÊÔè§ÅÐ µèÒ§ ºÒ§ ºéÒ§ ¡Ñ¹ ÏÅÏ àªè¹
baawkL jamM nuaanM bpaL riH maanM kheuuM miH daiF baawkL chatH lohngM bpaiM waaF thaoF nanH thaoF neeH bpenM dtaaeL gamM nohtL waaF maakF reuuR naawyH seungF phaawM jaL ruuH khwaamM maayR daiF dooyM bpaL riH maanM chehnF maakF naawyH laayR thangH laayR jooL thangH bpuaangM thangH mohtL banM daaM khohnM laH singL laH dtaangL baangM baangF ganM chehnF
To indicate a quantity, although it is not necessary that the number be precise; the modifier may indicate “many” or “a few” just to show an approximation of the amount. Examples include, “a lot,” “few,” “many,” “all of,” “much,” “the entirety of,” “all of,” “complete,” “each one of,” “one of,” “each and every,” “some,” “partly,” “each other,” etc. Some examples include:
2. common Thai word   [adjective]
definition
each; every; one at a time; [implying division] per

examples
¡ÒÃÇÒ§ËÅѡࡳ±ìä´éá¡¡Ó˹´ËÅѡࡳ±ì¡Ò÷ѺÈѾ·ìÀÒÉÒµèÒ§ æ áµèÅÐÀÒÉÒä»
gaanM waangM lakL gaehn[t]M daiF yaaekF gamM nohtL lakL gaehn[t]M gaanM thapH sap[t]L phaaM saaR dtaangL dtaangL dtaaeL laH phaaM saaR bpaiM
Setting forth these conventions distinguishes and determines transcription rules for various languages.
¤¹ÅÐÍÂèÒ§khohnM laH yaangLa different thing; something different
¤×¹ÅÐ...kheuunM laH[indicating the price per night]
áµèÅÐdtaaeL laHeach; either; every
áµèÅÐÇѹdtaaeL laH wanMeach day; every day
·ÕÅФ¹theeM laH khohnMone person at a time
·ÕÅйéÍÂtheeM laH naawyHa little at a time
·ÕÅйéÍÂtheeM laH naawyHimperatively, once and for all
àºÕé»ÃСѹÀѧǴÅÐbiiaF bpraL ganM phaiM nguaatF laHinsurance premium
»ÕÅФÃÑé§bpeeM laH khrangHyearly
äÁèàÇé¹áµèÅÐÇѹmaiF wehnH dtaaeL laH wanMevery day; daily; day in day out
¡àÇé¹ã¹¡Ã³Õ·Õè¤Ó¤Ø³ÈѾ·ì·ÕèÁÒ¨Ò¡ª×èͺؤ¤Å à»ç¹ª×èÍ੾ÒзÕèà»ç¹·ÕèÃÙé¨Ñ¡¡Ñ¹·ÑèÇä»ã¹áµèÅÐǧ¡Òà «Öè§ÍÒ¨Êѧࡵä´é¨Ò¡¡Ò÷Õèã¹ ÀÒÉÒÍѧ¡ÄÉäÁèä´éãªéÍÑ¡ÉõÑÇãË­è¢Öé¹µé¹ ãËé·ÑºÈѾ·ìã¹ÃÙ»¤Ó¤Ø³ÈѾ·ì àªè¹
yohkH wehnH naiM gaL raH neeM theeF khamM khoonM naH sap[t]L theeF maaM jaakL cheuuF bookL khohnM bpenM cheuuF chaL phawH theeF bpenM theeF ruuH jakL ganM thuaaF bpaiM naiM dtaaeL laH wohngM gaanM seungF aatL sangR gaehtL daiF jaakL gaanM theeF naiM phaaM saaR angM gritL maiF daiF chaiH akL saawnR dtuaaM yaiL kheunF dtohnF haiF thapH sap[t]L naiM ruupF khamM khoonM naH sap[t]L chehnF
An exception exists where an adjective which was derived from the name of a specific person is a proper name but is commonly and generally known in circles in which it is used. One may discern these words by the fact that such words are not capitalized in English. These words should take the form of an ordinary adjective.
ÃéÍÂÅÐraawyH laHpercent
âÅÅÐlohM laHper kilogram
ÇѹÅÐÃͺwanM laH raawpF(a doctor's) daily rounds
ÊÔè§µÕ¾ÔÁ¾ì·ÕèÍÍ¡»ÕÅФÃÑé§
singL dteeM phim[p]M theeF aawkL bpeeM laH khrangH
yearly
sample
sentences
¡ØËÅҺᴧªèÍÅÐà·èÒäËÃè?
gooL laapL daaengM chaawF laH thaoF raiL
"How much are those red roses per bunch?"
à¢Òà»ç¹¤¹¾Ù´»Ò¡ÊÐà»ÐÊлРäÅèà»Ô´ÈÖ¡¡ÑºÊ×èÍÁÇŪ¹äÁèàÇé¹áµèÅÐÇѹ
khaoR bpenM khohnM phuutF bpaakL saL bpehL saL bpaL laiF bpeertL seukL gapL seuuL muaanM chohnM maiF wehnH dtaaeL laH wanM
"He is a person who talks in circles; he looks for opportunities to fight with the media each and every day."
à¢ÒÁÒ¡ÃØ§à·¾Ï ÍÂèÒ§¹éÍÂÍÒ·ÔµÂìÅÐÊͧ¤ÃÑé§
khaoR maaM groongM thaehpF yaangL naawyH aaM thit[y]H laH saawngR khrangH
"He comes to Bangkok at least twice a week."
¤èÒàªèÒËéͧà´ÕèÂÇÇѹÅÐà·èÒääÃѺ
khaaF chaoF haawngF diaaoL wanM laH thaoF raiM khrapH
"How much does a single room cost per day?"
ªèÍÅÐË¡ÊÔººÒ·¤èÐ
chaawF laH hohkL sipL baatL khaF
[spoken by a female] "Sixty bahts a bunch."
´Ô©Ñ¹¨èÒ¤èÒàªèÒà¡Ô¹à´×͹ÅÐÊÕè¾Ñ¹ËéÒÃéͺҷäÁèä´é
diL chanR jaayL khaaF chaoF geernM deuuanM laH seeL phanM haaF raawyH baatL maiF daiF
"I can’t pay more than 4,500 Baht per month rent."
µèÒ§¤¹µèÒ§·Ó¡Ñ¹ä»¤¹ÅÐÍÂèÒ§
dtaangL khohnM dtaangL thamM ganM bpaiM khohnM laH yaangL
Each and every person does his or her own thing.
ºÍ¡¨Ó¹Ç¹»ÃÔÁÒ³ ¤×ÍÁÔä´éºÍ¡ªÑ´Å§ä»ÇèÒà·èÒ¹Ñé¹à·èÒ¹Õé à»ç¹áµè¡Ó˹´ÇèÒÁÒ¡ËÃ×͹éÍ«Ö觾ͨÐÃÙé¤ÇÒÁËÁÒÂä´éâ´Â»ÃÔÁÒ³ àªè¹ ÁÒ¡ ¹éÍ ËÅÒ ·Ñé§ËÅÒ ¨Ø ·Ñ駻ǧ ·Ñé§ËÁ´ ºÃÃ´Ò ¤¹ÅÐ ÊÔè§ÅÐ µèÒ§ ºÒ§ ºéÒ§ ¡Ñ¹ ÏÅÏ àªè¹
baawkL jamM nuaanM bpaL riH maanM kheuuM miH daiF baawkL chatH lohngM bpaiM waaF thaoF nanH thaoF neeH bpenM dtaaeL gamM nohtL waaF maakF reuuR naawyH seungF phaawM jaL ruuH khwaamM maayR daiF dooyM bpaL riH maanM chehnF maakF naawyH laayR thangH laayR jooL thangH bpuaangM thangH mohtL banM daaM khohnM laH singL laH dtaangL baangM baangF ganM chehnF
To indicate a quantity, although it is not necessary that the number be precise; the modifier may indicate “many” or “a few” just to show an approximation of the amount. Examples include, “a lot,” “few,” “many,” “all of,” “much,” “the entirety of,” “all of,” “complete,” “each one of,” “one of,” “each and every,” “some,” “partly,” “each other,” etc. Some examples include:
¾Í´Õ æ ¡ÇèÒ¨Ðä´éáµèÅÐàÅèÁ µéͧãªéàÇÅÒà»ç¹¤ÃÖ觤è͹ÇѹáËÅèФÃѺ
phaawM deeM deeM gwaaL jaL daiF dtaaeL laH lehmF dtaawngF chaiH waehM laaM bpenM khreungF khaawnF wanM laeL khrapH
For adequate quality, each blade will take almost half a day to be completed.
¾Ô¨ÒóҨҡáµèÅкؤ¤ÅáÅéÇ ÁÕá¹Çâ¹éÁ¤ÇÒÁà»ç¹ä»ä´é㹡ÒÃâ¹éÁ¹éÒǹéÍÂÁÒ¡
phiH jaaM raH naaM jaakL dtaaeL laH bookL khohnM laaeoH meeM naaeoM nohmH khwaamM bpenM bpaiM daiF naiM gaanM nohmH naaoH naawyH maakF
"After considering each person’s (position), there appears to be only a small possibility of persuading (them)."
ÅеÑǨÐÁÕª×è͵ÒÁÊբͧ¢¹Áѹ
laH dtuaaM jaL meeM cheuuF dtaamM seeR khaawngR khohnR manM
"Each [pet] is named according to it's fur color."
ÇÔ¶ÕªÕÇÔµáÅÐÍѵÅѡɳì¢Í§à¢Ò¶Ù¡Êѧ¤Áã¹Ç§¡ÇéÒ§àËÂÕ´ËÂÒÁ´Ùá¤Å¹ à¾ÃÒÐÊѧ¤ÁÍÂÒ¡ãªé·ÃѾÂҡûèÒº¹ÀÙà¢Ò¤¹ÅÐÍÂèÒ§¡Ñº¾Ç¡à¢Ò
wiH theeR cheeM witH laeH atL dtaL lakH khaawngR khaoR thuukL sangR khohmM naiM wohngM gwaangF yiiatL yaamR duuM khlaaenM phrawH sangR khohmM yaakL chaiH sapH phaH yaaM gaawnM bpaaL bohnM phuuM khaoR khohnM laH yaangL gapL phuaakF khaoR
"Their way of life and separate identity are distained by the majority because the latter wish to use the forest and mountain resources of the former for different purposes."
3.   [particle, formal]
definition
[formal, non-spoken spelling of ÅèР—a particle used at the end of a statement or question to add an imperative quality]

categories
related wordÅèРlaF[informal, spoken pronunciation of ÅР—a particle used at the end of a statement or question to add an imperative quality]
examplesµÒ¨ÃÔ§µÒÂÅÐdtaayM jingM dtaayM laH"Are you kidding?!" — "My God!" — "No way!"
µÒÂÅÐdtaayM laH"What!?!" — "Are you kidding!?" — "Ye Gods!" — "Egad!"
sample
sentences
¤Ø³©ÅÇÂÅФÃѺ áµè§µÑÇÂѧäÁèàÊÃç¨ÍÕ¡ËÃ×Í
khoonM chaL luayR laH khrapH dtaengL dtuaaM yangM maiF setL eekL reuuR
"How about Chaluay; isn't she dressed yet?"
áÅéǤسÅÐ
laaeoH khoonM laH
"How about you?" — "What do you think about it?" — "And you?"
4.   
definition
[prefix]

as a prefixÅÐÅèͧlaH laawngF[ÅÍÂÅÐÅèͧ]

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