| |
|
1.  [adverb]
|
| definition | [used as a question] which; where; when
|
| synonym | äÊ  | saiR | [Isaan dialect] ä˹  |
| examples | á¤èä˹  | khaaeF naiR | [an inquiry about quantity, as in] "how far?" — "how much?" — etc. [a colloquial variation of à¾Õ§äà used in both written and spoken Thai] |
¨Ò¡ä˹ | jaakL naiR | from whence |
áµèä˹áµèäÃÁÒ | dtaaeL naiR dtaaeL raiM maaM | always; at all times; all along |
·Õèä˹  | theeF naiR | where? |
·Õèä˹ | theeF naiR | anywhere |
·Õèä˹¡çä´é  | theeF naiR gawF daiF | any place; anywhere |
Ẻä˹ | baaepL naiR | "What type?" — "What kind?" |
ä»ä˹  | bpaiM naiR | Where are you going? |
äÁèÁÕ·Õèä˹ | maiF meeM theeF naiR | nowhere |
Çѹä˹¡çä´é  | wanM naiR gawF daiF | any day |
àÇÅÒä˹  | waehM laaM naiR | [used in questions] what time...? |
Êèǹä˹ | suaanL naiR | which part? |
ä˹ºéÒ§ | naiR baangF | where else |
ÍÂèÒ§ä˹ | yaangL naiR | which; "Which?" — "Which one?" |
...ÍÂÙè·Õèä˹  | yuuL theeF naiR | where is... |
Íѹä˹  | anM naiR | which one? |
sample sentences | [¡] ˹Ù, ¨ëÒ [¢] ¨ëÒ [¡] ˹٨Ðä»ä˹? [¢] ˹٨Ð仵ÅÒ´¨éÐ nuuR jaaR jaaR nuuR jaL bpaiM naiR nuuR jaL bpaiM dtaL laatL jaFA: Hey mousey [jaa]. B: Yes. A: Where are you going? B. I am going to the market [jaa]. |
à¢Ò¨Ðä»ä˹? khaoR jaL bpaiM naiR"Where is he going?" — "Where's he headed?" |
à¢Ò¨ÐÁҵ͹ä˹ khaoR jaL maaM dtaawnM naiR"What time will he come?" |
¤¹ã´¨ÐªÍº¤¹ä˹¡çä´é khohnM daiM jaL chaawpF khohnM naiR gawF daiFAnyone can love whosoever he or she wishes. |
|
¤Ø³¨ÐÁÒÇѹä˹ khoonM jaL maaM wanM naiR"Which day are you coming?" |
¤Ø³ÁÒ¨Ò¡ä˹ khoonM maaM jaakL naiR"Where have you come from?" |
¨Ðä»ä˹ jaL bpaiM naiR"Where are you going?" |
©Ñ¹¨Ð¾º¤Ø³ä´é·Õèä˹ chanR jaL phohpH khoonM daiF theeF naiR"Where will I see (meet) you?" |
|
à´ç¡ªÒ¶ÒÁ¤Ø³¾èÍÇèÒ ÊØ¹Ñ¢ËÒÂä»ä˹ dekL chaayM thaamR khoonM phaawF waaF sooL nakH haayR bpaiM naiR"The little boy asked his father where the dog had gone." |
µÍ¹ºèÒ¹Õé©Ñ¹¨ÐäÁèä»ä˹ dtaawnM baayL neeH chanR jaL maiF bpaiM naiR"I am not going anywhere this afternoon." |
»Ä¨©ÒÇÔàÈÉ³ì ¤×Í ¤ÓÇÔàÈɳì·Õè»ÃСͺà¹×éͤÇÒÁ·Õèà»ç¹¤Ó¶ÒÁ ËÃ×ͤÇÒÁʧÊÑ àªè¹ ã´ ä˹ äà ¡Õè ÍÐäà ·ÓäÁ ©Ñ¹ã´ àªè¹äà äËÁ Íѹ㴠ÍÂèÒ§äà à·èÒäà ä ËÃ×ÍË¹Í ÏÅÏ bpritL chaaR wiH saeht[n]L kheuuM khahmM wiH saeht[n]L theeF bpraL gaawpL neuuaH khwaamM theeF bpenM khahmM thaamR reuuR khwaamM sohngR saiR chehnF daiM naiR raiM geeL aL raiM thahmM maiM chanR daiM chehnF raiM maiR anM daiM yaangL raiM thaoF raiM yaiM reuuR naawR “Interrogative modifier” is a modifier which is part of a question sentence structure or a structure indicating doubt, for example, “whichever,” “which,” “what,” “how many,” “what,” “why,” “why,” “how,” “(interrogatory),” “whichever,” “which way,” “how many,” “why,” “or what,” etc. Examples are: |
ä»ä˹ÁÒ bpaiM naiR maaM"Where have you been?" |
¼ÁäÁè·ÃÒº¤ÃѺÇèÒ Ã¶ä¿ÁÒ¨Ò¡ä˹ phohmR maiF saapF khrapH waaF rohtH faiM maaM jaakL naiR[spoken by a male] "I don’t know where the train has come from." |
à¾×è͹¢Í§¤Ø³ÍÂÙèºéÒ¹ä˹¤ÃѺ pheuuanF khaawngR khoonM yuuL baanF naiR khrapH[spoken by male] "Which house does your friend live in?" |
ÀÒÉÒÍѧ¡Äɩѹ¡ÃдԡËÙàÊÕ·Õèä˹ ¶Ö§¨ÐãËéä»·Ó§Ò¹ºéÒ¹½ÃÑè§ phaaM saaR angM gritL chanR graL dikL huuR siiaR theeF naiR theungR jaL haiF bpaiM thahmM ngaanM baanF faL rangL"How am I going to learn to understand English so that I can go to work in a foreign household?" |
|
ÁÕÊͧ¾Ñ¹¸Øì¤èÐ...¾Ñ¹¸Øì¹ÕéËÇÒ¹áËÅÁ. ¤Ø³¨ÐàÍҾѹ¸Øìä˹? meeM saawngR phan[t]M khaF phan[t]M neeH waanR laaemR khoonM jaL aoM phan[t]M naiR[spoken by a female] "We have two sorts/kind, sir. This one is very sweet. Which one would you like?" |
|
áÁèËèǧà¸ÍÁÒ¡ à¡çºäÇéà»ç¹ÊÒǡ鹤ÃÑÇ äÁèä»§Ò¹ä˹¡Ñºã¤ÃàÅ maaeF huaangL thuuhrM maakF gepL waiH bpenM saaoR gohnF khruaaM maiF bpaiM ngaanM naiR gapL khraiM leeuyM"Mother is very worried about you therefore she is keeping you out of sight; she won’t let you go out to any parties or occasions with anyone at all." |
áÁèËǧà¸ÍÁÒ¡à¡çºäÇéà»ç¹ÊÒǡ鹤ÃÑÇ äÁèãËéä»§Ò¹ä˹¡Ñºã¤ÃàÅ maaeF huaangR thuuhrM maakF gepL waiH bpenM saaoR gohnF khruaaM maiF haiF bpaiM ngaanM naiR gapL khraiM leeuyM"Mother is very jealous of you; she keeps you locked up like a scullery maid and won't let you go out to any parties with anyone at all." |
äÁèÇèÒ¨ÐÃèÓÃÇ¢¹Ò´ä˹ ÁÕà§Ô¹ÊÑ¡»Ò¹ã´ äÁèÁÕ·Õèä˹·ÕèÍÂÙèáÅéÇÍºÍØè¹à·èÒ»ÃÐà·Èä·Â maiF waaF jaL rahmF ruayM khaL naatL naiR meeM ngernM sakL bpaanM daiM maiF meeM theeF naiR theeF yuuL laaeoH ohpL oonL thaoF bpraL thaehtF thaiM"Irrespective of how rich (he is) (and) no matter how much money (he has), there is nowhere that he has lived which is as warm and comforting as Thailand is." |
|
Çѹ¹Õé©Ñ¹äÁèä»ä˹ wanM neeH chanR maiF bpaiM naiR"I am not going anywhere today." |
ʶҹյÓÃǨ价ҧä˹ saL thaaR neeM dtahmM ruaatL bpaiM thaangM naiR"(For the) police station, which way (do I) go?" |
|
ËÒ¡¾ºÇèÒÃÒÂä˹äÁè¾ÃéÍÁ·Õè¨Ð´ÙáÅ»×¹ËÃ×ÍÁվĵԡÃÃÁ·ÕèäÁèªÍºÁÒ¾Ò¡Å ¡çãËéàÃÕ¡»×¹¡ÅѺ¤×¹Áҷѹ·Õ haakL phohpH waaF raayM naiR maiF phraawmH theeF jaL duuM laaeM bpeuunM reuuR meeM phriH dtiL gamM theeF maiF chaawpF maaM phaaM gohnM gawF haiF riiakF bpeuunM glapL kheuunM maaM thanM theeM"If they discover a case in which [the people] are not ready to take care of their weapon or are engaged in other suspicious behavior, they should immediately confiscate such weapons." |
͹ÔÂÁÇÔàÈÉ³ì ¤×Í ¤ÓÇÔàÈɳì·Õè»ÃСͺºÍ¡¤ÇÒÁäÁèªÕé੾ÒÐ ËÃ×ͨӡѴŧä»ÇèÒà»ç¹àªè¹¹Ñé¹ àªè¹¹Õé ËÃ×Í ÊÔè§¹Õé ÊÔè§¹Ñé¹ àªè¹ ã´ äà ä˹ ¡Õè ÍÐäà ·ÓäÁ ©Ñ¹ã´ àªè¹äà ÏÅÏ áµè¾Ö§ÊѧࡵÇèÒ ¤Ó¾Ç¡¹Õé¨ÐµéͧäÁèãªéã¹¢éͤÇÒÁ·Õèà»ç¹¤Ó¶ÒÁËÃ×ÍʧÊѨ֧¨Ð¹ÑºÇèÒ à»ç¹Í¹ÔÂÁÇÔàÈÉ³ì ¶éÒãªéã¹¢éͤÇÒÁ·Õèà»ç¹¤Ó¶ÒÁ ËÃ×ÍʧÊѨ֧¨Ð¹ÑºÇèÒ à»ç¹Í¹ÔÂÁÇÔàÈÉ³ì ¶éÒãªéã¹¢éͤÇÒÁ·Õèà»ç¹¤Ó¶ÒÁËÃ×ÍʧÊÑ àÃÕ¡ÇèÒ »Ä¨©ÒÇÔàÈÉ³ì µÑÇÍÂèÒ§ aL niH yaH maH wiH saeht[n]L kheuuM khahmM wiH saeht[n]L theeF bpraL gaawpL baawkL khwaamM maiF cheeH chaL phawH reuuR jahmM gatL lohngM bpaiM waaF bpenM chehnF nanH chehnF neeH reuuR singL neeH singL nanH chehnF daiM raiM naiR geeL aL raiM thahmM maiM chanR daiM chehnF raiM dtaaeL pheungM sangR gaehtL waaF khahmM phuaakF neeH jaL dtaawngF maiF chaiH naiM khaawF khwaamM theeF bpenM khahmM thaamR reuuR sohngR saiR jeungM jaL napH waaF bpenM aL niH yaH maH wiH saeht[n]L thaaF chaiH naiM khaawF khwaamM theeF bpenM khahmM thaamR reuuR sohngR saiR jeungM jaL napH waaF bpenM aL niH yaH maH wiH saeht[n]L thaaF chaiH naiM khaawF khwaamM theeF bpenM khahmM thaamR reuuR sohngR saiR riiakF waaF bpritL chaaR wiH saeht[n]L dtuaaM yaangL“Indefinite modifiers” are modifiers which express non-specificity or provide a delimiter that something is like this or that, or this thing or that thing; for example, the words “whatever,” “whichever,” “wherever,” “how,” “any,” “how many,” “which,” “why,” “why so ever,” and “how so ever.” However, one should observe that these words, in order to be indefinite modifiers, should not be used in interrogatory sentences or in sentences which indicate doubt; if these words are used in sentences which indicate interrogatories or doubts, they are called, “interrogatory modifiers.” [See below.] Examples include, |
|
ÍÂÙèä˹à¹ÕèÂ? yuuL naiR niiaF[often used in a phone conversation] "Where are you?" |
|
|
2. ä˹ æ naiR naiR [conjunction]
|
| definition | anyway
|
|
|
3. 
|
| definition | Let's see...where?
|
sample sentence | ä˹à¨çºµÃ§ä˹ÁÑè§ naiR jepL dtrohngM naiR mangF"Let's see...where are you hurt?" |
|
|
4. µé¹ä˹ dtohnF naiR
|
| definition | Ziziphus jujuba, the jujube tree, Chinese dates
|
| categories | |
|
|