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à¾Õ§  phiiangM
pronunciation guide
Phonemic Thaià¾Õ§
IPApʰiːaŋ
Royal Thai General Systemphiang

common Thai word   [adjective, adverb]
definition
only; up until the point; as much as; as far as; till; just until

examples
¡ÒõèÍÂÍ´¸ØÃ¡Ô¨º¹á¹Ç¤Ô´àÈÃɰ¡Ô¨¾Íà¾Õ§
gaanM dtaawL yaawtF thooH raH gitL bohnM naaeoM khitH saehtL thaL gitL phaawM phiiangM
Grafting business into the concept of Sufficiency Economics
¤ÓËÃ×;ÂÒ§¤ì·ÕèµÑÇÊС´ÁÕ¾ÂÑ­ª¹ÐµÒÁÁÒËÅÒµÑÇ ãËéãÊèà¤Ã×èͧËÁÒ·ѳ±¦Òµ äÇ麹¾ÂÑ­ª¹Ð·ÕèäÁèÍÍ¡àÊÕ§µÑÇÊØ´·éÒÂáµèà¾Õ§áËè§à´ÕÂÇ àªè¹
khamM reuuR phaH yaang[k]M theeF dtuaaM saL gohtL meeM phaH yanM chaH naH dtaamM maaM laayR dtuaaM haiF saiL khreuuangF maayR thanM thaH khaatF waiH bohnM phaH yanM chaH naH theeF maiF aawkL siiangR dtuaaM sootL thaayH dtaaeL phiiangM haengL diaaoM chehnF
In a word or syllable which has several final consonants, one should use a silencer only on the very last consonant which is not sounded out, for example:
áµèËÒ¡¡´ÃÒ¤ÒÊÔ¹¤éÒäÇé㹤ÃÖè§»Õááà¾Õ§à¾×èÍËÇѧàÃ×èͧ¤Ðá¹¹¹ÔÂÁ áÅÐÁÒÃÐàºÔ´µÙÁàÍÒ㹤ÃÖè§»ÕËÅѧ ¼Å¡Ãзº¡Ñº¨ÔµÇÔ·ÂÒ¡Òë×éͨÐÁÕãË­èËÅǧ
dtaaeL haakL gohtL raaM khaaM sinR khaaH waiH naiM khreungF bpeeM raaekF phiiangM pheuuaF wangR reuuangF khaH naaenM niH yohmM laeH maaM raH beertL dtuumM aoM naiM khreungF bpeeM langR phohnR graL thohpH gapL jitL dtaL witH thaH yaaM gaanM seuuH jaL meeM yaiL luaangR
However, if (the government) holds down the prices of goods during the first half of the year only for the purpose of hoping to (cater to a streak of) Populism, followed by an explosion in the second half, the psychological effect on purchasing will be enormous.
¾Íà¾Õ§phaawM phiiangMenough; sufficient
¤ÇÒÁ¾Íà¾Õ§khwaamM phaawM phiiangMsufficiency
¾Ù´ËÃ×Íà¢Õ¹ä´éà¾Õ§ÀÒÉÒà´ÕÂÇ
phuutF reuuR khiianR daiF phiiangM phaaM saaR diaaoM
monolingual
à¾Õ§á¤èphiiangM khaaeFonly
à¾Õ§ã´phiiangM daiM[alternate, colloquial spelling and pronounciation of à¾Õ§äÃ, used in written Thai]
à¾Õ§¾ÍphiiangM phaawMenough
äÁèà¾Õ§áµèmaiF phiiangM dtaaeLnot only
sample
sentences
¡çà¾Õ§à¾ÃÒÐÇèҩѹà˧Ò
gaawF phiiangM phrawH waaF chanR ngaoR
"Only because I am lonely."
¡ÃÐÊØ¹»×¹¹Ñ´à´ÕÂÇ·ÕèÍÍ¡¨Ò¡»Ò¡¡Ãк͡»×¹ªÓááà¢éÒãÊèÃèÒ§¢Í§¼ÙéªØÁ¹ØÁäÁèÇèÒ¤¹¹Ñé¹ ¨ÐµÒÂËÃ×ͺҴà¨çºà¾Õ§àÅ硹éÍ¡çÊÒÁÒö¡ÅÒÂà»ç¹àÃ×èͧãË­èáÅÐÃéÒÂáç
graL soonR bpeuunM natH diaaoM theeF aawkL jaakL bpaakL graL baawkL bpeuunM chamM raaekF khaoF saiL raangF khaawngR phuuF choomM noomM maiF waaF khohnM nanH jaL dtaayM reuuR baatL jepL phiiangM lekH naawyH gaawF saaR maatF glaayM bpenM reuuangF yaiL laeH raayH raaengM
"The first bullet which emerges from the barrel of a gun and penetrates the body of one member of the crowd, no matter whether that person dies or is only slightly injured, can became a major event and can spur more violence."
¡ÒÃàÁ×ͧãËÁèäÁèãªèà§×è͹䢵ÒµÑÇ à»ç¹à¾Õ§¢éÍàʹÍàªÔ§µØê¡µÒà¾×èÍ¡Òö¡à¶Õ§ÍÀÔ»ÃÒ¡ѹà·èÒ¹Ñé¹
gaanM meuuangM maiL maiF chaiF ngeuuanF khaiR dtaayM dtuaaM bpenM phiiangM khaawF saL nuuhrR cheerngM dtookH gaL dtaaM pheuuaF gaanM thohkL thiiangR aL phiH bpraayM ganM thaoF nanH
"The [concept] of the “New Politics” is not a precondition; it is merely a straw-man recommendation for discussion and debate."
¢Íà¾Õ§ÍÂèÒä´é¡ÃзÓÊÔè§ã´·Õè¢Ñ´µèÍ¡®ËÁÒ à¾ÃÒÐäÁèãËéà»ç¹ª¹Ç¹¹Óä»ÊÙèÇԡĵ¡Òóì
khaawR phiiangM yaaL daiF graL thamM singL daiM theeF khatL dtaawL gohtL maayR phrawH maiF haiF bpenM chaH nuaanM namM bpaiM suuL wiH gritL dtaL gaan[n]M
"Just don't do anything that will break the law because [you should do nothing] which would cause a crisis."
à¢ÒÁÕ¤ÇÒÁà»ç¹µÑǵ¹ÁÒ¡ÂÔè§¢Öé¹ ¨Ð»ÃÒÁÒÊÇèÒ à»ç¹à¾Õ§¹Ò¡ÃѰÁ¹µÃÕ¹ÍÁÔ¹Õ ËÃ×͹Ò¡ÃѰÁ¹µÃÕËØè¹àªÔ´äÁèä´é
khaoR meeM khwaamM bpenM dtuaaM dtohnM maakF yingF kheunF jaL bpraaM maatF waaF bpenM phiiangM naaM yohkH ratH thaL mohnM dtreeM naawM miH neeM reuuR naaM yohkH ratH thaL mohnM dtreeM hoonL cheertF maiF daiF
"He is becoming more of his own man; it shows that he will not be a mere nominee or puppet prime minister."
à¤ÂÁÕ¤¹·Ó¹ÒÂÇèÒËÅÒ ¾Ñ¹»Õµè͹Õé仾×é¹âÅ¡¨Ðä´éÃѧÊÕÁÒ¡¢Öé¹ ¤¹¼ÔÇ´Ó¨Ðà»ç¹à¾Õ§à¼èҾѹ¸Øìà´ÕÂÇ·ÕèÂѧàËÅ×ͪÕÇÔµÃÍ´ÍÂÙèä´é
kheeuyM meeM khohnM thamM naayM waaF laayR phanM bpeeM dtaawL neeH bpaiM pheuunH lohkF jaL daiF rangM seeR maakF kheunF khohnM phiuR damM jaL bpenM phiiangM phaoL phan[t]M diaaoM theeF yangM leuuaR cheeM witH raawtF yuuL daiF
Someone once predicted that thousands of years into the future, (when) the earth’s surface will encounter much more of the sun’s rays, that the only race remaining (on Earth) will be people with dark skin.
à´ç¡ æ ¼ÍÁâ«ËŧàËÅ×Íà¾ÕÂ§Ë¹Ñ§ËØéÁ¡Ãд١
dekL dekL phaawmR sohM lohngR leuuaR phiiangM nangR hoomF graL duukL
"All the children are thin and skinny; they are but skin and bones."
µÅÒ´äÁèÁÕ¹éÓÁѹÁÕà¾Õ§¾ÍµèͤÇÒÁµéͧ¡ÒÃ
dtaL laatL maiF meeM namH manM meeM phiiangM phaawM dtaawL khwaamM dtaawngF gaanM
"The market does not have sufficient oil to meet the demand."
·ÓäÁÃѰºÒÅä·ÂäÁèÁÕ¡ÒôÓà¹Ô¹¡ÒÃã´ æ ÍÂèÒÇèÒáµè¡ÒÃÃØ¡ä»¢éҧ˹éÒàÅ áÁéáµèà¾Õ§¡ÒõÑé§ÃѺ¡ç´Ù«Ç¹à«äÁèà»ç¹¡Ãкǹ
thamM maiM ratH thaL baanM thaiM maiF meeM gaanM damM neernM gaanM daiM daiM yaaL waaF dtaaeL gaanM rookH bpaiM khaangF naaF leeuyM maaeH dtaaeL phiiangM gaanM dtangF rapH gaawF duuM suaanM saehM maiF bpenM graL buaanM
"Why is the Thai government not involved in any processes, not only not actively moving forward but not even acting defensively? It seems to be staggering around in a disorderly manner."
ã¹ËÑÇ㨢ͧ©Ñ¹ÁÕà¾Õ§¤Ø³
naiM huaaR jaiM khaawngR chanR meeM phiiangM khoonM
"In my heart there’s only you."
¼ÁàͧäÁèä´é¤é¹¤ÇéÒàÃ×èͧ¹Õéà»ç¹ËÅÑ¡ à»ç¹à¾Õ§ÍèÒ¹¾ºâ´ÂºÑ§àÍÔ­¨Ò¡¡Òä鹤ÇéÒàÃ×èͧÍ×è¹à·èÒ¹Ñé¹ ÍÒ¨¨ÐÁͧ¢éÒÁµ¡ËÅè¹
phohmR aehngM maiF daiF khohnH khwaaH reuuangF neeH bpenM lakL bpenM phiiangM aanL phohpH dooyM bangM eernM jaakL gaanM khohnH khwaaH reuuangF euunL thaoF nanH aatL jaL maawngM khaamF dtohkL lohnL
"I myself did not research this issue as a primary matter; I only stumbled across this issue in passing. Perhaps I overlooked or missed (something)."
ÁÕà¾Õ§à¸Í¤¹à´ÕÂÇ·Õè¤Ô´¶Ö§
meeM phiiangM thuuhrM khohnM diaaoM theeF khitH theungR
"It's only you alone that I think about."
àÁ×èÍÀѸÃÃÁªÒµÔ¨Ò¡¤Å×è¹ÂÑ¡Éì¶ÅèÁ»èÒà¶×è͹¶Ö§à¾Õ§¹Õé áÅéÇàÃ×èͧÍÐä÷Õ褹ä·ÂµéͧÁÒà¢è¹¦èÒ»ÃÐËѵ»ÃÐËÒáѹàͧ´éÇÂàÅèÒ
meuuaF phaiM thamM maH chaatF jaakL khleuunF yak[s]H thaL lohmL bpaaL theuuanL theungR phiiangM neeH laaeoH reuuangF aL raiM theeF khohnM thaiM dtaawngF maaM khehnL khaaF bpraL hatL bpraL haanR ganM aehngM duayF laoF
"When a natural disaster from a tsunami washes over the virgin forests, why must Thais murder each other to make matters even worse?"
äÁè¹èÒàª×èÍÇèÒà¾Õ§á¤èàÇÅÒäÁè¶Ö§à´×͹ËÅѧ¡ÒÃàÅ×Í¡µÑé§¾Ãä¹Ñé¹ä´éª¹ÐàÅ×Í¡µÑé§ áµè¡ÅѺµéͧà»ç¹½èÒµÑé§ÃѺ·Ò§¡ÒÃàÁ×ͧª¹Ô´¶Í¡ÃÙ´
maiF naaF cheuuaF waaF phiiangM khaaeF waehM laaM maiF theungR deuuanM langR gaanM leuuakF dtangF phakH nanH daiF chaH naH leuuakF dtangF dtaaeL glapL dtaawngF bpenM faayL dtangF rapH thaangM gaanM meuuangM chaH nitH thaawyR gruutL
"It is unbelievable that not even one month after winning the election, the party was put on the defensive in the political arena and was retreating in disarray."
äÁèÇèÒ§Ò¹¢Í§à¢Ò¨ÐÅéÁàËÅÇáÅСèÍãËéà¡Ô´¤ÇÒÁàÊÕÂËÒÂà¾Õ§㴠à¢Ò¡ç¡Í´à¡éÒÍÕéá¹è¹
maiF waaF ngaanM khaawngR khaoR jaL lohmH laayoR laeH gaawL haiF geertL khwaamM siiaR haayR phiiangM daiM khaoR gaawF gaawtL gaoF eeF naaenF
"Notwithstanding the fact that he has failed and no matter how much damage he has caused, he refuses to step down from his position."
àÃÒ¡çà»ç¹à¾Õ§Êèǹ˹Ö觢ͧÊÔè§ÁÕªÕÇԵ㹸ÃÃÁªÒµÔ «Öè§à¡ÒÐà¡ÕèÂÇÍÂÙèã¹Ëèǧâ«èÍÒËÒÃÍѹà´ÕÂǡѹ¡ÑºË¹Í¹áÅÐÁ´
raoM gaawF bpenM phiiangM suaanL neungL khaawngR singL meeM cheeM witH naiM thamM maH chaatF seungF gawL giaaoL yuuL naiM huaangL sohF aaM haanR anM diaaoM ganM gapL naawnR laeH mohtH
"We are merely one part of life in Nature; we are integrally linked in the Food Chain, just like worms and ants."
ÈÒʹÒÍÔÊÅÒÁ¹Ñé¹ËÒãªèà»ç¹à¾Õ§ÍѵÅѡɳì·Ò§ÈÒʹÒáÅÐÇѲ¹¸ÃÃÁà·èÒ¹Ñé¹ áµèä´é¡ÅÒÂà»ç¹ÍѵÅѡɳì·Ò§¡ÒÃàÁ×ͧÍÂèҧ˹Öè§´éÇÂ
saatL saL naaR itL saL laamM nanH haaR chaiF bpenM phiiangM atL dtaL lakH thaangM saatL saL naaR laeH watH thaH naH thamM thaoF nanH dtaaeL daiF glaayM bpenM atL dtaL lakH thaangM gaanM meuuangM yaangL neungL duayF
"Islam is not only a religious and cultural identity but is a political identity as well."
ÍÂèÒ»ÅèÍÂãËéáµèÅÐà˵ءÒóìà»ç¹à¾Õ§º·àÃÕ¹ÃÒ¤Òá¾§
yaaL bplaawyL haiF dtaaeL laH haehtL gaan[n]M bpenM phiiangM bohtL riianM raaM khaaM phaaengM
"Do not allow each event to become just another expensive lesson."
as a prefixà¾Õ§äÃphiiangM raiMhow many

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