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1.  [noun, formal]
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| definition |
tone; sound; volume; noise; voice; vocal
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| examples | ¡ÃШÒÂàÊÕ§  | graL jaayM siiangR | to broadcast; as in radio |
| ¡Ãк͡àÊÕ§ | graL baawkL siiangR | mouthpiece of an oragnization, a person who informs others of the opinions and policies of that entity |
| ¡ÒÃãªéà¤Ã×èͧËÁÒÂÇÃóÂØ¡µì ¡ÒÃà¢Õ¹¤Ó·ÑºÈѾ·ì äÁèµéͧãÊèà¤Ã×èͧËÁÒÂÇÃóÂØ¡µì ¡àÇé¹ã¹¡Ã³Õ·Õè¤Ó¹Ñé¹ÁÕàÊÕ§«éӡѺ¤Óä·Â ¨¹·ÓãËéà¡Ô´¤ÇÒÁÊѺʹ ÍÒ¨ãÊèà¤Ã×èͧËÁÒÂÇÃóÂØ¡µìä´é àªè¹ | gaanM chaiH khreuuangF maayR wanM yook[d]H gaanM khiianR khahmM thapH sap[t]L maiF dtaawngF saiL khreuuangF maayR wanM yook[d]H yohkH wehnH naiM gaL raH neeM theeF khahmM nanH meeM siiangR sahmH gapL khahmM thaiM johnM thahmM haiF geertL khwaamM sapL sohnR aatL saiL khreuuangF maayR wanM yook[d]H daiF chehnF | The use of tone markers: In transcribing from English to Thai, one need not insert tone markers, except in cases in which such transcribed word replicates the sound of an existing Thai word which might create confusion for the reader. In these cases it is appropriate to use a tone marker for example: |
| ¤ÃÖè§àÊÕ§ | khreungF siiangR | [music] semi-tone |
| ¤Ó¾éͧàÊÕ§ | khahmM phaawngH siiangR | homonyms; similar sounding words |
| ¤ÓàÅÕ¹àÊÕ§¸ÃÃÁªÒµÔ | khahmM liianM siiangR thamM maH chaatF | onomatopoeia |
| ¤ÓËÃ×ÍàÊÕ§ÊÑÁ¼ÑÊÍÑ¡Éà | khahmM reuuR siiangR samR phatL akL saawnR | alliteration |
| à¤Ã×èͧ¢ÂÒÂàÊÕ§ | khreuuangF khaL yaayR siiangR | amplifier |
| à¤Ã×èͧºÑ¹·Ö¡àÊÕ§ | khreuuangF banM theukH siiangR | tape recorder |
| à¤Ã×èͧ¿Ñ§àÊÕ§ | khreuuangF fangM siiangR | stethoscope |
| ¨Ò¹àÊÕ§ | jaanM siiangR | vinyl audio record |
| ª×èÍàÊÕ§ | cheuuF siiangR | fame; reputation |
| µé¹àÊÕ§ | dtohnF siiangR | choirmaster |
| ¶éÒÊÃТͧ¾ÂÒ§¤ì˹éÒà»ç¹àÊÕ§ÊÃÐÍÐ «Öè§àÁ×èͷѺÈѾ·ìµéͧãªéÃÙ»äÁéËѹÍÒ¡ÒÈ ãËé«é͹¾ÂѪ¹ÐµÑÇÊС´¢Í§¾ÂÒ§¤ì˹éÒà¢éÒÍÕ¡µÑÇ˹Öè§à¾×èÍà»ç¹¾ÂѪ¹Ðµé¹¢Í§¾ÂÒ§¤ìµèÍä» àªè¹ | thaaF saL raL khaawngR phaH yaang[k]M naaF bpenM siiangR saL raL aL seungF meuuaF thapH sap[t]L dtaawngF chaiH ruupF maaiH hanR aaM gaatL haiF saawnH phaH yanM chaH naH dtuaaM saL gohtL khaawngR phaH yaang[k]M naaF khaoF eekL dtuaaM neungL pheuuaF bpenM phaH yanM chaH naH dtohnF khaawngR phaH yaang[k]M dtaawL bpaiM chehnF | If the vowel associated with the first syllable is an /-a-/ sound which uses the "stick turning in air" vowel in the transcription, one should double the transcribed consonant for use again as the initial consonant in the subsequent syllable, for example: |
| ᶺºÑ¹·Ö¡àÊÕ§ | thaaepL banM theukH siiangR | audio tape |
| ¹éÓàÊÕ§ | nahmH siiangR | tone of voice; attitudinal |
| »ÃÐÊÒ¹àÊÕ§ | bpraL saanR siiangR | to harmonize (in music) |
| à»Åè§àÊÕ§ | bplehngL siiangR | to utter; sound; pronounce; speak; say; voice |
á¼è¹àÊÕ§  | phaenL siiangR | phonograph record; LP |
| ÁÕàÊÕ§¡ÃзºËÃ×ͪ¹¡Ñ¹ | meeM siiangR graL thohpH reuuR chohnM ganM | to crash |
| ÁÕàÊÕ§ÅÑ蹴ѧà»ÃÕé§ | meeM siiangR lanF dangM bpriiangF | crash |
| ÃéͧàÊÕ§ | raawngH siiangR | a sound made by animals; things |
| ÃéͧàÊÕ§äªâ | raawngH siiangR chaiM yohM | to cheer; to cry out with a cheer |
| ÃкºàÊÕ§ÁÔµÔ | raH bohpL siiangR miH dtiL | stereo system |
| äÅèàÊÕ§ | laiF siiangR | to run the range; to run the gamut |
| Êè§àÊÕ§ | sohngL siiangR | to be loud; to utter loudly; to raise one's voice |
| Êè§àÊÕ§äªâ | sohngL siiangR chaiM yohM | to cheer |
| ÊÃÐ ãËé¶Í´µÒÁ¡ÒÃÍÍ¡àÊÕ§㹾¨¹Ò¹Ø¡ÃÁÀÒÉÒÍѧ¡ÄÉ â´Âà·ÕºàÊÕ§ÊÃÐÀÒÉÒä·ÂµÒÁµÒÃÒ§à·ÕºàÊÕ§ÊÃÐÀÒÉÒÍѧ¡ÄÉ | saL raL haiF thaawtL dtaamM gaanM aawkL siiangR naiM phohtH jaL naaM nooH grohmM phaaM saaR angM gritL dooyM thiiapF siiangR saL raL phaaM saaR thaiM dtaamM dtaaM raangM thiiapF siiangR saL raL phaaM saaR angM gritL | For vowels, Thai letters used should imitate the sounds reflected in English language dictionaries using the Comparison Table - English Vowel Sounds |
| ÊÑÅѡɳìá·¹àÊÕ§ | sanR lakH sa[n]L thaaenM siiangR | phonogram |
| àÊÕ§¡éͧ | siiangR gaawngF | a loud sound, a clamor |
| àÊÕ§à¢ÕÂÇ | siiangR khiaaoR | an angry voice |
| àÊÕ§´¹µÃÕ | siiangR dohnM dtreeM | to volume (sound level) of music |
| àÊÕ§´Ñ§ | siiangR dangM | noisy; loud |
| àÊÕ§´Ñ§â¨ë§¤ÃÖèÁÂѧ¡Ð¡Åͧᢡ | siiangR dangM johngR khreumF yangM gaL glaawngM khaaekL | (The drum) sounds loud like an Indian drum |
| àÊÕ§àµ×͹ | siiangR dteuuanM | warning tone; audiable caution signal; an alerting sound |
| àÊÕ§㹿ÔÅìÁ | siiangR naiM fi[l]mM | motion picture soundtrack; film sound track |
| àÊÕ§àºÒ | siiangR baoM | [of a sound] soft, quiet; a soft or quiet sound |
| àÊÕ§»ÃÐÊÒ¹ | siiangR bpraL saanR | chorus; background vocals |
| àÊÕ§à¾ÃÒÐ | siiangR phrawH | sweet sound or vocal |
| àÊÕ§Ãéͧ | siiangR raawngH | cry of most animals; sound made by things; vocal of a singer |
| àÊÕ§ÃéͧäËéÊÐÍÖ¡ÊÐÍ×é¹ | siiangR raawngH haiF saL eukL saL euunF | boohoo |
| àÊÕ§ÅÁ¾Ñ´ÍÙé | siiangR lohmM phatH uuF | a loud sound of the blowing wind |
| àÊÕ§˹ǡËÙ | siiangR nuaakL huuR | deafening noise |
| àÊÕ§ËÇÒ¹ | siiangR waanR | sweet voice |
| àÊÕ§ËÑÇàÃÒÐ | siiangR huaaR rawH | a laugh |
| àÊÕ§äÍ | siiangR aiM | cough |
| ËÕºàÊÕ§ | heepL siiangR | phonograph; record player |
| ÍÍ¡àÊÕ§ | aawkL siiangR | to pronounce; to enunciate; to articulate; to utter; to speak out loud; to vote |
| ¡ÒÃÍÍ¡àÊÕ§ | gaanM aawkL siiangR | pronounciation; utterance |
| ¡ÒÃÍÍ¡àÊÕ§ | gaanM aawkL siiangR | a vote |
| ÍÍ¡àÊÕ§á»Ãä»à»ç¹àÊÕ§µÑÇÍ×è¹ | aawkL siiangR bpraaeM bpaiM bpenM siiangR dtuaaM euunL | [Thai grammar] [describing the situation in a] false consonant cluster where the silent à affects the pronunciation of the syllable |
| ÍФÃÖè§àÊÕ§ | aL khreungF siiangR | [literally "-ah half-sound"] [a grammatical practice in Thai whereby some Pali or Sanskrit words are pronounced with an extra '-a' sound when compounded into multi-syllable words] |
| ÍÑ¡É÷Õèãªéá·¹àÊÕ§ | akL saawnR theeF chaiH thaaenM siiangR | phonogram |
| ÍÑ´àÊÕ§ | atL siiangR | to make an audio recording |
sample
sentences | ¡ÒÃãªéàÊÕ§ÊÙ§µèÓÊÅѺ¡Ñ¹¡ÃзÓãËéÁÕ¤ÇÒÁä¾àÃÒÐ ·Ñé§Âѧ·ÓãËéà¡Ô´Áâ¹ÀÒ¾ªÑ´à¨¹ | gaanM chaiH siiangR suungR dtahmL saL lapL ganM graL thahmM haiF meeM khwaamM phaiM rawH thangH yangM thahmM haiF geertL maH nohM phaapF chatH jaehnM | "The use of high and low pitched sounds (in Thai) creates a melodious sound in addition to which (such sounds) evoke clear images and visions." |
| à¢Òä´éÂÔ¹àÊÕ§âËÂËǹ ÅÍÂÁÒµÒÁÅÁÂÒÁ´Ö¡ áµè¤Ô´ÇèÒ¤§¨ÐËÙ½Ò´ä»àͧ | khaoR daiF yinM siiangR yohR huaanR laawyM maaM dtaamM lohmM yaamM deukL dtaaeL khitH waaF khohngM jaL huuR faatL bpaiM aehngM | "His ears caught a faint, eerie and painful groan wafting through the midnight air, but he thought that he might probably be mishearing." |
| à¢ÒäÅè¼ÁÂѧ¡ÐËÁÙ¡ÐËÁÒ ËÒÇèÒä»·ÓàÊÕ§´Ñ§Ãº¡Ç¹à¢Ò | khaoR laiF phohmR yangM gaL muuR gaL maaR haaR waaF bpaiM thahmM siiangR dangM rohpH guaanM khaoR | "He chased me out like I was an animal; he said that I was making too much noise and was disturbing him." |
| ¤×¹¹Ñé¹¼ÁÇÔè§ä»ËÒ«×éÍà·»ºÑ¹·Ö¡àÊÕ§©ºÑº»ÑÒ»ÑÒÍè͹ÁÒä´é˹Öè§à¤Ã×èͧ | kheuunM nanH phohmR wingF bpaiM haaR seuuH thaehpF banM theukH siiangR chaL bapL bpanM yaaM bpanM yaaM aawnL maaM daiF neungL khreuuangF | "That evening I went out to purchase a simple-to-use tape recorder (lit. tape recorder for idiots)." |
| ¨¹¶Ö§ ø âÁ§àªéҢͧÇѹ·Õèòô ÁԶعÒ¹ñùóò ¢èÒÇ¡Òû¯ÔÇѵÔä´éá¼è¡ÃШÒÂä»·ÑèÇ¡ÃØ§à·¾Ï àËÁ×͹¡ÑºÁÕàÊÕ§¢èÒÇÇÔ·ÂØ | johnM theungR bpaaetL mohngM chaaoH khaawngR wanM theeF saawngR seeL miH thooL naaM yohnM neungL gaoF saamR saawngR khaaoL gaanM bpaL dtiL watH daiF phaaeL graL jaayM bpaiM thuaaF groongM thaehpF meuuanR gapL meeM siiangR khaaoL witH thaH yooH | "Before 8:00 am of 24 June 1932 the news of the revolution spread throughout Bangkok; it was as if the event had been announced on the radio." |
| à¸ÍäÁèä´éÂÔ¹àÊÕ§ÍÐäÃàÅ | thuuhrM maiF daiF yinM siiangR aL raiM leeuyM | "She can't hear any sound at all." |
| àÊÕ§à¾Å§¨Ò¡ÇÔ·ÂشѧÅÍ´ÍÍ¡ÁÒ¨Ò¡ËéͧàªÔ§ºÑ¹ä´«Ö觺ҹ»ÃеÙà»Ô´á§éÁÍÂÙè | siiangR phlaehngM jaakL witH thaH yooH dangM laawtF aawkL maaM jaakL haawngF cheerngM banM daiM seungF baanM bpraL dtuuM bpeertL ngaaemH yuuL | "The music coming from the radio trickled out from the room [up] the stairs, through the door that was partially ajar." |
| as a prefix | àÊÕ§âËÇ¡àËÇ¡ | siiangR wohkL waehkL | the sound of a boisterously calling or yelling |
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2. [noun, figurative, idiom]
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| definition |
vote; opinion; notion
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| examples | ¡è͹˹éÒ¹ÕéÁÕàÊÕ§·éǧµÔ§äÁèàËç¹´éÇ¡Ѻ¡ÒÃà»Ô´ãËéŧ»ÃЪÒÁµÔÃèÒ§ÃÑ°¸ÃÃÁ¹Ù | gaawnL naaF neeH meeM siiangR thuaangH dtingM maiF henR duayF gapL gaanM bpeertL haiF lohngM bpraL chaaM maH dtiL raangF ratH thamM maH nuunM | "Prior to this time, a protest was voiced opposing the holding of a referendum on the draft constitution." |
| ¤Ðá¹¹àÊÕ§ | khaH naaenM siiangR | vote; ballot |
| àÊÕ§¢éÒ§¹éÍ | siiangR khaangF naawyH | minority |
| àÊÕ§¢éÒ§ÁÒ¡ | siiangR khaangF maakF | majority |
| ËÂÑè§àÊÕ§ | yangL siiangR | to sound out; poll; explore |
| ËÒàÊÕ§àÅ×Í¡µÑé§ | haaR siiangR leuuakF dtangF | votes for an election; to campaign for an elective office |
sample
sentences | ¤¹ÍÕ¡¨Ó¹Ç¹ÁÒ¡ ·Ñ¹âÅ¡·Ñ¹ÊÁÑÂäÁèä´é ¨Ö§¡ÅÒÂà»ç¹ª¹ªÑé¹Í¹Ò¶Ò µ¡¹Í¡¢ÍºÊѧ¤Á äÃé·ÃѾÂì äÃéÊÔ·¸Ô äÃéàÊÕ§ àÅÕ駪վ´éÇÂÍÒªÒ¡ÃÃÁ ˹շء¢ì´éÇÂÂÒàʾµÔ´ ·Ø¡Êѧ¤ÁÁÕ¤¹áºº¹ÕéºéÒ§ | khohnM eekL jahmM nuaanM maakF thanM lohkF thanM saL maiR maiF daiF jeungM glaayM bpenM chohnM chanH aL naaM thaaR dtohkL naawkF khaawpL sangR khohmM raiH sap[y]H raiH sitL thiH raiH siiangR liiangH cheepF duayF aatL chaH yaaM gamM neeR thook[k]H duayF yaaM saehpL dtitL thookH sangR khohmM meeM khohnM baaepL neeH baangF | "Another large number of people cannot cope with modernity and become members of the 'impoverished class.' They fall outside the bounds of society; they are without wealth and without any rights; they have no voice (in the political system); they support themselves through crime; they escape poverty through (selling) drugs. Every society has people like this." |
| ¹âºÒÂËÒàÊÕ§¢Í§¾Ãä¡ÒÃàÁ×ͧãËÁè¨Ö§¤ÅѺ¤ÅéÒ¡Ѻ¹âºÒ»ÃЪҹÔÂÁ¢Í§¾Ãää·ÂÃÑ¡ä·Â | naH yohM baayM haaR siiangR khaawngR phakH gaanM meuuangM maiL jeungM khlapH khlaayH gapL naH yohM baayM bpraL chaaM niH yohmM khaawngR phakH thaiM rakH thaiM | "The policies for obtaining votes espoused by these new political parties vaguely resemble the Populist policies of Thai Rak Thai party." |
| áÁéÇèҨӹǹàÊÕ§¢Í§¾Ãä¾Åѧ»ÃЪҪ¹¨Ðà»ç¹µèÍ áµè¡çãªèÇèÒ¨ÐËÒ¾ÃäÃèÇÁÃÑ°ºÒÅ à¾×èÍÊÃéÒ§àʶÕÂÃÀÒ¾ä´é§èÒ æ | maaeH waaF jahmM nuaanM siiangR khaawngR phakH phaH langM bpraL chaaM chohnM jaL bpenM dtaawL dtaaeL gawF chaiF waaF jaL haaR phakH ruaamF ratH thaL baanM pheuuaF saangF saL thiianR phaapF daiF ngaayF ngaayF | "Even though the PPP prevailed but it still needs to find another party to help it form a government in order to more easily create
(long-term) stability." |
| äÁèãªèàÃ×èͧ§èÒ ·Õè¨ÐµéͧËÒàÊÕ§ÍÕ¡ ñóð-ñõð àÊÕ§ ¶Ö§¨Ð¡ÃзÓãËéÃÑ°ºÒÅ»ÃЪҸԻѵÂìÍÂÙèã¹â«¹»ÅÍ´ÀÑ | maiF chaiF reuuangF ngaayF theeF jaL dtaawngF haaR siiangR eekL neungL saamR suunR neungL haaF suunR siiangR theungR jaL graL thahmM haiF ratH thaL baanM bpraL chaaM thiH bpat[y]L yuuL naiM sohnM bplaawtL phaiM | "It would not be easy to obtain an additional 130 - 150 votes in order for a government (organized) by the Democrates to be within a safety zone." |
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3. [noun]
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| definition |
[Thai phonetics] spoken tone, the pitch characteristic with which a syllable must be pronounced in order to be correctly understood
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| categories |  ÀÒÉÒáÅÐÇÃó¤´Õ » ¤ÓÈѾ·ì੾ÒÐà¡ÕèÂǡѺÀÒÉÒ | Language - Literature » Terminology |
| examples | àÊÕ§¨ÑµÇÒ | siiangR jatL dtaL waaM | [Thai phonetics] rising tone |
| àÊÕ§µÃÕ | siiangR dtreeM | [Thai phonetics] high tone |
| àÊÕ§ⷠ| siiangR thohM | [Thai phonetics] falling tone |
| àÊÕ§ÊÒÁÑ | siiangR saaR manM | [Thai phonetics] mid tone; middle tone; plain tone; mild tone; ordinary tone |
| àÊÕ§ÊÙ§µèÓ | siiangR suungR dtahmL | the spoken tonal levels of a tonal language |
| àÊÕ§àÍ¡ | siiangR aehkL | [Thai phonetics] low tone |
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4. [noun]
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| definition |
[Thai phonetics] the duration characteristic of a spoken vowel, viz. long or short
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| examples | ÊÃÐàÊÕ§ÂÒÇ | saL raL siiangR yaaoM | [Thai phonetics] long duration vowel |
| ÊÃÐàÊÕ§ÊÑé¹ | saL raL siiangR sanF | [Thai phonetics] short duration vowel |
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